最少疾病番鴨週齡與種蛋儲存時間對胚受精率及死亡率之影響

Effects of storage time and age on fertility and mortality of hatching eggs for minimal disease white Muscovy duck

魏良原(Liang-Yuan Wei) ； 蘇晉暉(Chin-Hui Su) ； 陳燕萍(Yeng-Ping Chen) ； 劉秀洲(Hsiu-Chou Liu) ； 張喬茵(Chiao-Ying Chang) ； 張惠斌(Wei-Beng Chang) ； 張怡穎(Yi-Ying Chang) ； 黃振芳(Jeng-Fang Huang)

《畜產研究》 50卷2期 (2017/06) Pp. 96-102

摘要

本試驗旨在建立最少疾病番鴨之週齡與種蛋儲存時間對受精率及胚死亡率影響之資料，以供日後飼養管理及生產預估時參考。資料收集自最少疾病番鴨於2013－2014年間入孵的種蛋，試驗種蛋依不同儲存時間（0－12天，共13組）及親禽週齡（29－32、33－36、37－40、41－44、45－48及49－52週，共6組）進行分組，並分別計算入孵7、14及32日之受精率及胚死亡率。試驗總計入孵番鴨種蛋14,163枚，孵化期間胚的總死亡率為24.9%，其中入孵後7、14及32日的胚死亡率分別為11.1、5.9及8.0%。不同冷藏保存日數之種蛋，入孵後的死亡率以儲存1至3日低於其他儲存時間（P＜0.05），且死亡率隨儲存時間增加而增加。不同週齡的受精率以41－44週齡（89.8%）高於其他週齡（P＜0.05），且此週齡之胚死亡率低於29－32、45－48及49－52週齡（P＜0.05），與其餘2個週齡分組的胚死亡率差異不顯著，惟41－44週齡仍為番鴨產季中，胚死亡率最低的階段。由試驗結果，最少疾病番鴨種蛋最佳的保存時間為1至3日，其次為4至7日，除非需一次入孵較多種蛋以應市場需求，建議勿將種蛋儲存超過8日。

關鍵字

番鴨 ； 儲存 ； 週齡 ； 受精率 ； 死亡率

並列摘要

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of egg storage time and age on fertility and mortality rate of hatching eggs for minimal disease white Muscovy duck. These data will be valuable for reproduction management and production estimation. This present study was conducted during the period of the laying season from 2013 to 2014. Egg production was divided into 6 age groups (wk 29 - 32, 33 - 36, 37 - 40, 41 - 44, 45 - 48 and 49 - 52) and a total 14,163 hatching eggs were subjected to 13 storage time groups (day 0 to 12). The data regarding of the fertility and mortality of hatching eggs incubated for 7, 14 and 32 days were collected. The results showed that embryonic mortality rate of storage time for 1 - 3 days was significantly lower than other storage time groups (P ＜ 0.05) and the mortality rate increased with storage time increases. The fertility of 41 - 44 wk age group (89.8%) was significantly higher than other groups (P ＜ 0.05) and the embryonic mortality rate of this group was significantly lower than these groups of wk 29 - 32, 45 - 48 and 49 - 52 (P ＜ 0.05). Although there was no significantly different between the group of wk 41 - 44 and other two groups (wk 33 - 36 and 37 - 40), the group of wk 41 - 44 still got the lowest embryonic mortality rate. As the results, we suggest the best storage time is 1 - 3 days, followed by 4 - 7 days, unless for the demand of the market, the hatching eggs do not store more than eight days.

並列關鍵字

Muscovy ； Storage ； Age ； Fertility ； Mortality