梅山與杜洛克雜交仔豬之選育黑毛色遺傳

Inheritance of coat color in piglets of Meishan and Duroc crosses in favor of black coat selection

張伸彰(Shen-Chang Chang) ； 許晉賓(Chin-Bin Hsu) ； 林旻蓉(Min-Jung Lin) ； 黃憲榮(Hsien-Jung Huang) ； 王漢昇(Han-Sheng Wang) ； 李秀蘭(Hsiu-Lan Lee) ； 林正鏞(Cheng-Yong Lin) ； 王治華(Chih-Hua Wang) ； 吳明哲(Ming-Che Wu) ； 張秀鑾(Hsiu-Luan Chang)

《畜產研究》 51卷1期 (2018/03) Pp. 61-67

摘要

本試驗旨於應用梅山豬與杜洛克豬雜交，選育其具黑毛色豬隻做為臺灣黑豬新品種，故著重杜洛克豬種生長佳特性與配梅山豬種之繁殖性能佳，試驗期間收集各世代出生仔豬毛色。應用66頭杜洛克與65頭梅山豬進行雜交，98.7%（695/704）F_1代豬隻屬黑毛色系，F2代後裔仔豬出生毛色分類為全黑色（B）、黑底金斑（L）、紅底金斑（Q）及全紅色（R）等四種。F_1至F_4代均選留黑毛色系後裔且繁殖性能較佳者，進行同世代配種繁殖。應用葉氏卡方連續性校正值（X_c^2）進行F_2至F_5代仔豬毛色分離率適合性檢定，其中F_2與F_3仔豬出生時毛色分布卡方校正值符合遺傳分離率；故符合E（MC1R）基因座梅山黑毛色對杜洛克紅毛色為顯性之假說。然F_4與F_5代仔豬毛色表型分布與單因子毛色控制基因之期望分離比不一致，暗示其毛色表現可能牽涉到其他基因（可能非KIT基因）之（共同）調控，此是否與E基因座與鼠栗色基因座間之非上位性交感效應有關，仍有待進一步探討。

關鍵字

毛色遺傳 ； 雜交 ； 杜洛克豬 ； 梅山豬

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to select for black coat from crossbred of Meishan and Duroc. The 66 Duroc pigs and 65 Meishan pigs, boars and sows, respectively, were reciprocally crossed with Meishan breed. The F_1 pigs showing black color in the skin had 98.7% (695/704). Coat color of hybrid piglets recorded at birth from F_1 to F_5 generations included solid black (B), golden longitudinal stripes of black (L), golden longitudinal stripes of red (Q), and solid red (R), which were further classified into two categories, black (B + L) and red (Q + R) series. In favor of black series color selection following by reproduction evaluation was conducted in this study, and then selected animals were mated between themselves within generation. The adjusted chi-square statistic with Yates' correction for continuity was used for testing the goodness-of-fit under genetic hypotheses of single gene difference between Meishan and Duroc breeds. The actual frequency of coat color observed in F_1, F_2 and F_3 generations seemed to bear this out, giving credence to the hypotheses. However, it was no the case for data obtained in F_2 and F_3 generations, and thus the hypotheses pf one gene segregating two alleles (E and e in Meishan and Durco pigs, respectively, within this study) was rejected. This implied coat color expression in pigs might be partly regulated by other gene (non-KIT gene) in which nonepistatic interaction between loci identified seemed to be involved.

並列關鍵字

Coat color inheritance ； Cross ； Duroc pig ； Meishan pig