基地租賃之相關問題探討－以基地租賃期限為中心

A Study on the Ground Tenancy

黃曉薇(Huang, Hsiao-Wei)

《真理財經法學》 4期 (2010/03) Pp. 159-194

摘要

我國不定期限租賃契約的終止時點深具討論實益。質言之，因基地租賃契約所涉標的價値不斐、攸關承租人生計等因素，其關係雙方當事人利害甚鉅，且使出租人與承租人立於尖銳對立之角色，爲妥適解決基地租賃契約所生之衝突，該租賃契約之消滅時點即十分重要。我國土地法第一百零三條爲基地租賃契約消滅之規定，惟相關實務見解對於「不堪使用」之概念解析並非一致，本文茲由最高法院三十年渝上字第三一一號判例切入，整理探討實務見解所發展之不定期限基地租賃契約滅時點，亦即何爲「不堪使用」之標準。復再討論最高法院五十一年台上字第二九八七號判例出租人同意重建義務，與最高法院三十年渝上字第三一一號判例之建物不堪使用二者適用上關係爲何。

關鍵字

租賃 ； 基地租賃 ； 不定期限基地租賃 ； 租賃契約期限 ； 永久存續租賃 ； 租賃契約消滅 ； 不堪使用 ； 毀損滅失 ； 重建

並列摘要

As we know, the cases which are involved in the ground tenancy is quite conflict. The ground tenancy always makes a great deal of both two parties, due to the value of the property, the living of the tenant, and the better advantage which will come if the tenancy is discontinued. What a tenant concerned is his livelihood, but what a leaser concerned is about the expectation of return his own land. The two parties are really in confronting positions. For the purpose of preventing the eviction problem which is bound to cause greater hardship to the tenant, we can not allow the leaser take back his land just by uprooting a tenant having a small business for a very long period of time. As we mentioned at the beginning, the question about the period of tenancy is substantially essential, in this study we will discuss about the termination of tenancy, to find out how to resolve the comparative hardship which involved in the bona fide need of a landlord seeking eviction of a tenant. As the case law, the nonscheduled tenant will not be ending until the building losing its function spontaneously. But the judgments of the court never concluded with one accord, according to the dubitable concept ＂function＂. How to accord the controversy over a lessee and a leaser ,and confirmed the due date of the nonscheduled lease will be the thesis. This study will discuss what might be the proper due date of the nonscheduled lease, by the principle of respecting the reasonable anticipation of both parties.

並列關鍵字

tenancy ； lease ； nonscheduled tenancy ； ground tenancy ； length of tenancy ； termination of tenancy ； eviction ； building ； rebuild