自20世紀七十年代中國大陸政府啟動改革開放後,東南亞社會的華人文化活動出現蓬勃現象,學者把這一現象視為東南亞華人的「再華化」,並視其為中國崛起的結果。這些學者認為,中國大陸為在地華人文化資源和網絡關係發展的主要動因,並體現在中文教育人才、中華文藝表演、華人和中國原鄉網絡等方面。本文梳理了中英文學界關於「再華化」的論述,希望可以為讀者展示「再華化」討論裏的辯論主題、政治傾向等。同時,本文以具有全國輿論影響力並參與公民運動的馬來西亞華人社團為研究個案,提出「再華化」華人文化元素產生,更多在於回應本土民主化運動和族群政治發展,並非如文獻裏所闡述僅是中國大陸文化資源的影響。
Local Chinese cultural activities in Southeast Asia have shown vibrant development at the end of the 20th century. Many scholars describe this phenomenon as resinicisation and attribute the development to the rise of China. As argued by those scholars, China contributes tremendously in the process by providing cultural resources and rebuilding social networks, such as supplying Chinese language experts, conducting cultural performances and establishing networks between ancestral homelands and ethnic Chinese communities in Southeast Asia. This study revisits the Chinese and English scholarly discussion of resinicisation to show the themes and political tendencies of the debate and complexity of the discourse. In addition, this paper provides case studies of influential Malaysian Chinese organisations which have actively involved in local civil society movements in the past decades. This research contends that factors such as domestic ethnic politics and democratisation movements, rather than Mainland China's cultural resources, are more likely to shape the sense of Chineseness of Chinese Malaysians and hence a localized resinicisation process in Malaysia.