南韓公益律師的崛起、演變與其實踐

Public Interest Lawyers in South Korea: Rising, Evolution and Practice

魏千峯(Chien-Feng Wei)

《律師法學期刊》 1期 (2018/12) Pp. 23-41

摘要

南韓在威權統治時代，即有第一代人權律師為學生與勞動者辯護。1987年8月後，因政治民主帶來之司法獨立與憲法法院建立，少數中小型律師事務所律師結合公民團體，推動公益訴訟。這些公益訴訟藉由憲法法院訴願與普通法院訴訟，在國家安全法案件、禁止同姓婚案件、股東調查權案件、環保公益案件與通姦除罪案件，亦藉由立法請願等方式，改變司法實務與促進立法或修法，逐步落實憲法保障之基本權利。這些少數律師組成的團體，如民辯、參與連帶及共感公益人權法財團，推動南韓法治之進步與人權文化之提昇。

關鍵字

公益律師 ； 憲法法院 ； 國家安全法 ； 禁止同姓婚 ； 股東調查權 ； 通姦除罪化 ； 民辯 ； 參與連帶 ； 共感公益人權法財團

並列摘要

During the authoritarian period, there were first generation human lawyers for protecting students and labor in South Korea. From August of 1987, after political liberalization and establishment of Constitutional Court, minority lawyers of small or middle law firms combined with some NGOs to promote public interest litigation. These litigation through Constitutional Court and ordinary court to protect freedom speech, gender equality, shareholder rights and environmental rights. These actions also changed judicial practice and amendend legislation. Minbyun, PSPD and Gonggam, outstanding lawyer organizations, push rule of law and human culture in South Korea.

並列關鍵字

public interest lawyers ； Constitutional Court ； National Security Law ； prohibition of marriage between persons will the same surname ； shareholder derivative actions ； abolition of the adultery law ； Minbyun ； PSPD ； Gunggam