翻譯「對等」議題再思

「對等」議題在當前翻譯研究中已不再是探討的焦點。然而，近年因全球資本經濟體制及數位科技全球化的影響，我們的生活世界卻充斥著一種同質性極高的「對等」文化，影響了人們對於語言及翻譯的態度。在幾近全面漠視及全面認同「對等」概念之間，身為詮釋者的譯者始終是翻譯活動的中心。詮釋者／譯者會因自身歷史及文化的影響，展現不同於原文的詮釋觀點或翻譯，但這並不代表詮釋者／譯者可不顧原文本可能具有的本意，而以某一個目的或需求去操縱文本的詮釋。保羅．利科就提出了與流行的操縱理論不同的觀點。他既不否認對等的存在，也不接受毫無檢別的對等，而是主張「沒有同一性的對等」（equivalence without identity）。利科的翻譯倫理觀蘊含正視他者實存性，並與他者產生對話與交纏的正向轉化能量，是當前翻譯學界在幾乎完全屏棄對等概念討論時，值得我們重新思考的一個方向。

關鍵字

對等；詮釋學；差異倫理；忠信

並列摘要

The issue of equivalence has been out of the limelight in current translation studies. However, under the impact of global capitalism and digital technologies, we now also see the omnipresent culture of equivalence with its highly identical qualities, changing people's attitudes towards languages and translation. However, at the two ends of the spectrum, translators as interpreters are always at the center of translation activities. Given that an interpreter/translator is influenced by his/her historical and cultural upbringing, he/she would have a different understanding of or produce a different translation from the source text. Nevertheless, it does not mean that he/she can ignore the original meaning that the source text may contain and manipulatively interpret a text based on a particular purpose or need. Paul Ricoeur offers a view that is different from the popular manipulative theory. He does not deny the existence of equivalence or accept the injudicious use of the concept of equivalence; yet, he upholds the idea of ＂equivalence without identity.＂ In Ricoeur's ethical translation theory, the other's existence will be recognized, and a possible dialogue and entanglement of thoughts with the other have also been encouraged, thus bringing positive transformative power to both interlocutors. It is worthy of our reflection, especially at a time when the discussion of equivalence has been almost jettisoned in translation studies.

並列關鍵字

equivalence ； hermeneutics ； ethic of difference ； fidelity

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