The greenhouse monitoring system in modern agricultural production can effectively control various environmental factors in the greenhouse so as to change the greenhouse environment to create suitable growth conditions for crops. This design adopted 51 single chip microcomputer as the core, using DHT11 digital temperature and humidity sensor and light sensor respectively to acquire the temperature and humidity and light in the greenhouse which were uploaded to the single chip microcomputer to be judged whether exceeding the threshold. If those data exceed the threshold, MCU sends signal to control relay control circuit working so as to control actuators for heating, cooling, and so on. The simulation results show that the design can real‐time monitor and automatically adjust the environmental factors in the greenhouse, and display the data through the display to provide the best environment for the growth of crops.