運用正交試驗設計法優化無溶劑微波萃取玫瑰純露實驗參數之研究

Study on Optimization of Experimental Parameters for Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction of Rose Hydrosol by Orthogonal Test Design Method

歐明秋(Ou, Ming-Chiu) ； 侯佩恩(Hau, Pei-En)

《中醫本草健康促進期刊》 6卷2期 (2022/11) Pp. 25-39

https://doi.org/10.6763/IJTCMHP.202211_6(2).0002

摘要

本研究選用南台灣農場栽種的玫瑰花瓣進行無溶劑微波萃取純露，運用正交試驗L_9（3^4）設計針對影響萃取的四項變因：玫瑰採收後天數、萃取時間、玫瑰花瓣重量及萃取功率進行優選參數研究。試驗結果顯示，影響純露萃取率的重要程度排序為萃取時間＞萃取功率＞玫瑰花瓣重量＞玫瑰採收後天數，藉由變異數分析確認影響純露萃取率之顯著變因為時間與瓦數。為確保微波萃取玫瑰純露品質，並以DPPH自由基清除率為評選依據，影響清除率的重要程度排序為玫瑰花瓣重量＞萃取時間＞萃取功率＞玫瑰採收後天數，其中玫瑰花瓣重量為顯著變因；優選結果建議採收後第三天玫瑰花瓣重量200 g，萃取時間25 min、功率500 W為最佳參數，兼顧質與量雙重考量，本研究建議該參數為無溶劑微波萃取玫瑰花瓣之最優選結果。經氣相層析質譜儀分析結果顯示，微波萃取玫瑰純露含苯乙醇、香葉醇、香茅醇與橙花醇四種成分加總比例高達82.22%，而蒸餾萃取之純露加總比例僅25.10%，顯示微波萃取優於蒸餾萃取，其香氣濃郁程度亦較佳。結論無溶劑微波萃取玫瑰純露不僅能大幅縮短萃取時間，更可獲取高比例醇類香氣成分，提升清除自由基能力，實驗條件參數亦可做為未來微波萃取玫瑰純露之參考依據。

關鍵字

正交法 ； 微波萃取 ； 玫瑰 ； 純露 ； 清除自由基

並列摘要

Rose petals grown on farms in southern Taiwan were used for solvent-free microwave extraction of hydrosol, and orthogonal test L_9(3^4) design four variables: days after rose harvest, extraction time, rose petal weight and extraction power was used to study the optimal parameters that affect extraction. The order of importance for influencing extracting yield of hydrosol is extraction time ＞ extraction power ＞ rose petal weight ＞ days after rose harvest. It was confirmed by variance analysis that extraction time and extraction power significantly influence the extracting yield of hydrosol. Ensure the quality of rose hydrosol extracted by microwave, the optimization is based on the DPPH free radical scavenging rate. The order of importance for the scavenging rate is rose petal weight ＞ extraction time ＞ extraction power ＞ days after rose harvest, where rose petal weight is a significant factor. The optimal results suggest that the weight of rose petals on the third day after harvesting is 200 g, the extraction time is 25 min, and the power is 500 W were as the best parameters for microwave extraction. Basing both quality and quantity requirement, our study suggests that this is the best result for solvent-free microwave extraction of rose petals. The total proportion of four alcohol components, i.e. phenylethyl alcohol, geraniol, citronellol and nerol, was 82.22% by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The total proportion of the same components in distillation extraction is only 25.10%, which shows that microwave extraction is better than distillation extraction, and its aroma is also better. Conclusion solvent-free microwave extraction of rose hydrosol can not only greatly shorten the extraction time, but also obtain a high proportion of alcohol aroma components and improve the ability to scavenge free radicals. The experimental parameters can also be used as a reference for future microwave extraction of rose hydrosol.

並列關鍵字

orthogonal test design ； microwave extraction ； rose ； hydrosol ； free radical scavenging

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