隱私權法理之探討－以我國司法院釋字第603號解釋為例

Right of Privacy - The She Tze Number 603 Interpretation of Judicial Yuan

黃琬珺(Wan-Chun Huang)

《致理法學》 6期 (2009/10) Pp. 63-89

摘要

本文主要討論我國隱私權之法理概念。隱私權在法律保障架構上應如何定位，不僅涉及隱私權之法理價值，亦涉及個人權利與國家權力之關係。司法院釋字第603號解釋，將戶籍法第8條「強制按捺指紋」宣告違憲，揭示了我國憲法保障基本人權的精神，對於憲法非列舉之基本權利，如隱私權等，大法官藉由人性尊嚴之信念將它涵攝於整個憲政基本價值之中，體現我國隱私權在法律概念上之意義。本文經由檢視我國隱私權在憲法上之解釋，以及學者們對於隱私權法理上之探討，嘗試分析歸納我國隱私權之法理意涵。指紋為科學鑑定之重要證據，屬於資訊隱私權範疇，隨著通訊及網路科技的進步，資訊隱私權嚴然成為全世界討論爭吵之問題。是此，本文由探索大法官對「指紋案」的隱私權論證，包括判決爭點與解釋理由之分析，據此對我國隱私權之法理基礎作一分析。

關鍵字

隱私權 ； 司法院 ； 指紋案 ； 憲法解釋 ； 依法而治

並列摘要

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the legal concept of the right of privacy in our legal system. The importance of the right of privacy covers the relationship between personal right and the governmental authority as well as the legal value of the right of privacy. The legal explanation She Tze Number 603 of the Judicial Yuan has declared that the mandatory finger printing regulation of Section 8 of the Household Act is unconstitutional. This interpretation declares the constitutional protection of the basic right of privacy of the people. The Grand Justices had revealed the right of constitutional protection of the reserved basic right of the people. The Justices had also revealed the dignity of human as it is contained in the Constitution. This paper has discussed the constitutional meaning of the right of privacy and the scholars' discussions to reveal its legal effects. Fingerprint is one of the important forensic evidences. However, it involves the right of privacy in the area of public information. Due to the rapid development of Internet technology, right of privacy has become the issue of worldwide discussion. The paper shall discuss the principles discussed by the Grand Justices in the cases of fingerprint.

並列關鍵字

Right of privacy ； Judicial Yuan ； Fingerprint cases ； Interpretation of constitution ； Following the rule of law