我國違憲審查制度之耙梳與剖析－從數則司法院大法官會議解釋談起

The Generalization and Analysis of Judicial Review in Taiwan (R.O.C.): Study From Several Specific J.Y. Interpretations

徐智明(Chi-Ming Hsu) ； 許震宇(Chen-Yu Hsu)

《致理法學》 9期 (2011/03) Pp. 55-76

摘要

「違憲審查制度」與「權力分立原則」之間具有互為制約之關係：一方面設立違憲審查制度即在維護權力分立原則；另一方面，違憲審查之範圍及方式，仍須脗合權力分立之原則，而非漫無限制。由於違憲審查制度概可分為「集中式」或「分散式」而有差異，故本文擬從幾則與我國違憲審查制度有重大關聯的大法官解釋尋繹，提出目前我國違憲審查制度所面臨的問題，並就上述問題提出下列改革建議：一、應調整大法官釋憲制度之功能；二、應調整大法官規範審查之態度；三、應將具體個案列為違憲審查的標的。

關鍵字

違憲審查制度 ； 分散式違憲審查 ； 集中式違憲審查 ； 權力分立原則 ； 大法官會議解釋

並列摘要

＂Constitutional Review＂ and ＂Separation of Powers principle＂ are systems of mutual restraint. Instituting the system of Judicial Review is to maintain the Separation of Powers; on the other side, the scope and manner of Judicial Review are still needed to conform to the principles of separation of powers. Owing to the differences between systems of Judicial Review can be divided into ＂centralized＂ or ＂distributed,＂ the research from several J.Y. Interpretations which are significantly related to the Judicial Review in domestic country so as to address some issues which could make suggestions about the problems which are mentioned above: First, the function of the system of constitutional interpretation should be adjusted. Second, Grand Justice's attitude should be changed. Third, specific cases should be classified as the subject of Judicial Review.

並列關鍵字

Judicial Review ； Distributed Judicial Review ； Centralized Judicial Review ； Separation of Powers ； The Interpretation of the Council of Grand Justices