景教史话：聂斯脱利身世

History of Nestorian: On the Life of Nestorius

吴家望(WU Jiawang)

《中国基督教研究》 2期 (2014/06) Pp. 130-136

https://doi.org/10.29635/JRCC.201406_(2).0009

摘要

聶斯脫利主义可谓基督教历史上最为费解之“异端”之一。但是，聶斯脫利所创始的东方教会，却能在不可思议的艰难条件下，将福音传到中国，被公认为历史上的第一流宣教教会。虽然聶斯脫利是和中国教会息息相关的重要历史人物，可惜因为教义之争，现代中国教会避免和他正视。我们今天所报导的是聶氏的戏剧性的悲愴身世。后人想不到的是，在流亡消失后的年月里，聶氏竟然写下了万言神学手稿“Book of Heraclides＂，到他死后近1500年才被发现。介绍聶斯脫利的身世可算是抛砖引玉，希望今后有机会学习聶氏著作，探讨二十一世纪聶斯脫利神学、以及中国景教史学之新观。

關鍵字

聶斯脫利 ； 聶斯脫利主义 ； 东方教会 ； 景教

並列摘要

This article reports the dramatic and persecuted life of Nestorius, who once held one of the highest posts in all Christendom, that of the patriarch of Constantinople, during the most turbulent period in the Roman Empire. The rise of Nestorius reflects his brilliance in theology, and his powerful speaking skills. His downfall, however, was caused by his lack of political skills, and his disrespect to the opinions of others. Facing his iron-and-blood and corrupt opponent, Cyril the patriarch of Alexandria, who bought the favor of the emperor's inner circles, his fate was sealed from the beginning.To appreciate Nestorius' life stories, and look forward to the study the new perspective of the early Chinese Church, known as Jing-jiao, we take into consideration the following factors: 1. Nestorianism has been considered as one of the most misunderstood heresies in the history of Christianity. On the other hand, the Church of the East, which Nestorius founded, has been recognized as a first-class missionary Church. Because of the historical doctrinal controversies, even though Nestorius is one of the most important personalities in the history of Christianity in China, the Chinese Church at large is looking the other way. 2. After Nestorius perished into exile, very little is known about the last days of his life, until almost 1500 years later, his book length manuscript, the Book of Heraclides, which he wrote during his last days of his exile and preserved by his disciples, was discovered. Maybe Martin Luther had a point, when he confessed that he did not understand what the error of Nestorius was. 3. Not until 1994, Pope John Paul II of the Roman Catholic Church and Mar Dinkha IV, Catholicos-Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East, signed a Common Christological Declaration, profess their common faith. At the time, what is left of the once powerful Church of the East, amounts to 500 thousand members world-wide. The large population of the great Church that first brought Christianity to China in the Tang dynasty, was nearly completely massacred by the Ottoman Empire.

並列關鍵字

Nestorian ； Nestorius ； Eastern Church ； Jingjiao