我留在這裡：團體家屋照顧服務員留任過程的拉力與推力

I Am Staying Here: Pull and Push Factors for Retention of Care Workers in Group Homes

曾宗彥(Tsung-Yen Tseng) ； 施麗紅(Li-Hung Shih)

《老年學研究》 2期 (2023/04) Pp. 1-38

https://doi.org/10.29703/JGS.202304_(2).0001

摘要

臺灣邁入高齡社會，照顧人力仍不穩定，而在團體家屋工作的照顧服務員不僅對工作的滿意度較高，人員的流動率也較低。故本研究想藉由此場域瞭解照顧服務員留任過程的拉力與推力，研究採用質性的半結構式訪談進行，從三間團體家屋中邀請到五名照顧服務員作為本論文研究之參與者。研究發現與結論：（1）團體家屋之工作場域能提升照顧服務員的權能感，形成一種拉力增加留任意願，此一權能的拉力來自：①個人方面為照服員對失智長者的真誠接納、熟悉團體家屋業務、中高齡的人生智慧；②失智長者方面為得到正向的回饋；③同儕與主管為獲得技術指導、心理支持以及相互支援；④機構方面為照顧比低與機構環境具備紓壓效果等項目。（2）中高齡照服員在失智症照顧上具備優勢，因為本身的照顧經驗與社會歷練，而能較穩定的進行照顧服務。根據研究發現提出對於增加照服員留任的相關建議，如在照顧上需要維持中度與重度失智長者人數上的平衡等。

關鍵字

留任 ； 團體家屋 ； 照顧服務員 ； 失智症照顧

並列摘要

Taiwan has an aging society but lacks a stable care workforce. The care workers who work in group homes are not only highly satisfied with their work but also have a low turnover rate. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the pull and push factors affecting the retention of care workers in group homes. Qualitative semistructured interviews were conducted with five care workers from three group homes. The findings and conclusion are as follows. (1) The work environment in group homes can increase the empowerment of caregivers, which is a pull factor for retention. Contributors to this pull factor are (a) caregivers' sincere acceptance of older adults with dementia, familiarity with the group home industry, and the wisdom of middle-aged and older adults; (b) the positive feedback from patients with dementia; (c) the technical guidance, psychological support, and assistance provided by colleagues and supervisors; (d) and the low patient-to-caregiver ratio and stress-relieving environment of group home institutions. (2) Middle-aged and older caregivers have an advantage in providing dementia care because of their care and social experience, and they can provide more stable care than can caregivers from other age groups. Recommendations for improving caregiver retention are presented on the basis of the study findings and include maintaining a reasonable patient-to-caregiver ratio for patients with moderate and severe dementia.

並列關鍵字

Retention ； Group Home ； Care Worker ； Dementia Care