行動「與」默觀：本篤靈修視域下的當代女性四傑－戴伊、珂芙、奇蒂斯特、馬南贊

本篤會靈修是基督宗教靈修史的重要組成部分，歷經一千五百年，在教會史和社會史各階段、不同地域發展出豐富的生活、信仰實踐。本文集中介紹四位當代傑出的女性本篤會士，三位美國人，一位菲律賓人：桃樂西．戴伊（Dorothy Day）、帕斯卡琳．珂芙（Pascaline Coff）、瓊．奇蒂斯特（Joan Chittister）和瑪利亞．若望．馬南贊（Mary John Mananzan）。她們的工作幾乎橫跨二十世紀，涉及默觀靈修、社會正義、宗教對話、女性神學。本文試圖藉四位女性的生平及信仰實踐表明，在「行動與默觀」所代表的本篤精神中，「與」這一關鍵詞的重要性和豐富的可能性。這幾位女性的社會正義活動，既有西方經驗，又有亞洲本地經驗，對華人信仰者來說，是極為可貴的參考。最後，本文指出基於女性和本篤會士雙重身分，四位女性都在某種意義上為女性神學提供了養分。她們共同的靈修經驗指出，以卓絕的姿態去做生活中的平凡小事，正是本篤會靈修的精髓。

關鍵字

本篤靈修；默觀與行動；社會正義；宗教對話；靜修所運動；女性神學；解放神學

並列摘要

Benedictine spirituality is an essential part of the history of Christian spirituality. For 1,500 years, the Benedictines have developed a rich life and faith practice in various church and social history stages and different regions. This article focuses on four prominent contemporary Benedictine women - Dorothy Day, Pascaline Coff, Joan Chittister, and Mary John Mananzan - three Americans and one Filipina, whose works span almost the entire twentieth century in the fields of contemplative spirituality, social justice, religious dialogue, and feminist theology. This article attempts to demonstrate from the lives and faith practices of these four women that in the Benedictine spirit of "action and contemplation", the "and" is the most important thing and has infinitely rich possibilities. In particular, the social justice activities of the four women cover both Western experience and Asian experience, which have specific significance for Chinese Christians. Finally, the article points out that, based on their dual status of being women and Benedictine, all four women provide enrichment for feminist theology. Their shared Benedictine experience points to the essence of Benedictine spirituality by doing ordinary things extraordinarily well.

並列關鍵字

Benedictine Spirituality ； Contemplation and Action ； Social Justice ； Religious Dialogue ； Christian Ashram Movement ； Feminist Theology

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