水深平均二維明渠變量流有限元素模式之研究

本文旨在應用有限元素法，建立一適用於天然河流之水深平均二維變量流水理模式。利用一組實驗彎道進行數值模擬，驗證模式之模擬能力，演算結果與觀測值頗為一致。並與已發表過之有限差分模式進行比較，顯示有限元素模式在水面線、縱向流速、橫向流速等之演算精度上較有限差分模式為佳，流量守恆性也較好。另以濁水溪下游段水工模型試驗進行模擬，計算結果顯示，有限元素模式非常適合應用於模擬天然河流的變量流歷程。

關鍵字

二維明渠變量流；有限元素模式；有限差分模式

並列摘要

The present paper is aimed to develop a numerical model based on the Galerkin Finite element method for simulating two-dimensional unsteady open channel flow in alluvial rivers. A set of experimental data on curved channel is used to examine the ability of this model. The numerical results are satisfactory, as clearly observed from comparisons with measured data. Also, this model is compared to the finite-difference model that has been presented. The findings indicate the calculations for water surface, longitudinal velocity and transverse velocity of the finite element model are more satisfactory than those of the finite-difference model. Furthermore, the finite element model has better conservation of discharge. The applicability of the model can be performed by simulating the flood events of the downstream reach of Cho-Shui River. The agreement is good in general.

並列關鍵字

Two-Dimensional Unsteady Open Channal Flow ； Finite Element Model ； Finite Difference Model

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