應用多變量統計方法判識水庫優養化

Identification of Reservoir Eutrophication by Multivariate Analysis

陳育偉(YU-WEI CHEN) ； 張尊國(TSUN-KUO CHANG)

《台灣水利》 43卷4期 (1995/12) Pp. 9-18

摘要

臺灣地區目前對於水庫優養化之劃分尚無規定，國外對於優養評價已有相當研究，但係以國外的環境條件所推演出來的經驗模式及指標，其適用性有地域性的侷限，直接延用來描述臺灣地區水庫之營養狀態並不是十分適宜的。爲了探討臺灣水庫營養狀態，必需先瞭解臺灣水庫的水庫特徵，及其間之複雜交互作用。本文嘗試應用多變量統計分析的方法，來探討水質間的相互關係，進而建立適用於臺灣地區水庫優養等級劃分之評價模式。本文先將十種水質檢驗項目經過「因子分析」後，簡化爲三個主要因子，來描述水庫水質的差異，藉此再由「羣集分析」將水庫水質區分爲五種不同營養狀態的等級，並建立以「判別分析」對臺灣地區水庫進行優養判識。

關鍵字

水庫水質 ； 優養化 ； 因子分析 ； 羣集分析 ； 判別分析

並列摘要

At present in Taiwan, there is no standard procedure to classify the eutrophic status of water body. In many countries, the evaluation of reservoir eutrophication has been well studied, and those eutrophic indices are established all from the experienced model of a specific environment. Therefore, it would not be proper for using them directly to describe the trophic state of the water quality in Taiwan's reservoir. To discuss about the trophic state of water body, the characteristics of water quality of the reservoir must be examined first. The factors which influence the water quality are of multiplicity, and it often with complicated interaction among them. In this research, multivariate analysis was used to discuss the relations between water qualities. Furthermore, an evaluation model of trophic state index was established which can be applied to Taiwan's reservoirs. In this paper, factor analysis was employed in order to tell the differences from the water qualities of each reservoir. After that, the water quality can be classified into five different categories of trophic state through the cluster analysis. And by using the discriminant analysis, an evaluation model was built to assess the water quality eutrophic state of Taiwan's reservoirs.

並列關鍵字

Water quality ； Eutrophication ； Factor analysis ； Cluster analysis ； Discriminant analysis