民眾自發參與地方公共服務創新與環境治理行為研究－以台南市容清潔整頓方案為例

新公共服務強調公務人員走入民間，實際挖掘問題與解決問題，滿足民眾需求，但公務人力資源有限，各地方的公共問題與公共需求也相當複雜，所以需要更多民眾自發參與公共服務，這樣才能對症下藥，具體落實新公共服務的理念，而這也是當今治理的轉變過程中，相當重要的一環。本論文以台南市容清潔整頓方案為例，透過問卷調查與深度訪談來探討地方民眾是基於何種思維，自發性參與地方公共服務。研究發現，功利主義和自由主義論述並不適用於本個案，而保護主義則需要政府提供某種誘因來激發民眾將其化為具體行動，至於尚未成熟的社群主義需以民間組織作為集體行動的主體，再針對不同地方特性，逐步進行有系統的行動規劃。如此，方可協助政府在治理的轉變過程中，落實地方公民參與公共服務創新。

關鍵字

新公共服務；功利主義；自由主義；保護主義；社群主義

並列摘要

The key point of the new public service is asked bureaucracy going to the people and actually digging up and solving problems to meet the public needs of the people, but the civil servant resources are limited and the local public problems and needs are quite complex, so we need more people to voluntarily participate in public services to address the problem, and implement the concept of new public services, which is a key point in the transformation of governance today. We take Tainan for instance by questionnaires and in-depth interviews, and we explore the thinking of residents to participate in local public service work spontaneously, the Utilitarianism and Libertarianism do not apply in this case, and Equality-Liberalism also requires the government to provide some incentive for residents to translate it into concrete action, as for the Communitarianism, it is not yet mature. It needs to take grass-roots civil society organizations as the control of collective action, and then gradually carry out systematic action planning according to different local characteristics. Thus that the government can be assisted to implement public service innovation by strengthening residents participation in the process of governance transformation.

並列關鍵字

new public services ； utilitarianism ； libertarianism ； equality-liberalism ； communitarianism

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