臺灣地區時變基準應用於地籍測量之探討

隨著多種太空大地測量技術的發展，發現控制點的絕對坐標隨時間變動，遂衍生時變基準的議題。由於臺灣地處板塊變形邊緣，變形模式複雜，受長期變形趨勢作用與單一變形事件之影響，各區域控制點變動情形不一致，逐漸產生相對變形，使得我國以相對精度作為法定規範的控制測量與地籍測量也受到影響。本研究以控制點檢測、地籍圖重測控制測量、土地整體開發地籍測量、圖根點補建與土地複丈等層面進行分析，發現我國現行靜態基準成果於應用上，面臨迫切的動態修正需求。如捨棄靜態基準而採行時變基準，則需面臨土地面積變動議題。研究成果指出，長期變形趨勢雖造成點位絕對坐標位移，但對於地籍測量宗地面積的變化影響量相當微小，遠不及測量誤差造成的現地面積差值。未來在避免大幅修正我國現有法規制度的前提下，建議可就土地計算面積及登記面積之時變關係，設計合理法定容許誤差，避免土地登記面積經常變動，以降低對現有制度與社會環境之衝擊。

關鍵字

太空大地測量；時變基準；地籍測量

並列摘要

With the advent of space geodesy techniques, the absolute position of control points is revealed to change with time. This leads to the issues of time-variant datum. Taiwan is located in the margin of the deforming area; the velocity field is varied and complex. The long-term deforming trend and the patch cause the variations of displacement and the local relative deformation. This phenomenon also affects the control and the cadastral surveying, in which the regulations of relative accuracies are adopted. In this study, several aspects of surveying tasks are examined and the results reveal that the dynamic corrections are imperatively needed in the application of the static datum. However, the issue of the variation in land area should be faced if the time-variant datum is adopted. The results in this study show that the variation in land area due to the long-term deforming trend is slight and much smaller than that caused by the survey errors. In order to ease the impact of adopting time-variant datum to the society, regulations and legal procedures should be established first to accommodate the potential change of registered land area.

並列關鍵字

Space geodesy ； Time-variant datum ； Cadastral surveying

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