運用藝術治療與善意溝通技巧照顧一位自閉類群障礙症合併智能不足患者情緒控制之護理經驗

本文為照護一位自閉類群障礙症合併智能不足因衝動控制與社交互動能力缺失呈現暴力言行及反覆住院治療之護理經驗。照護期間自111年7月4日至7月22日，運用觀察、會談、查閱病歷及整體性層面評估，確立個案有衝動控制失效、社交互動障礙、思考過程改變等三項健康問題。運用藝術治療如畫圖、書寫心情日記，提供個案情緒發洩管道以協助衝動行為控制，並採簡要、溫暖且堅定的善意溝通技巧引導個案區分妄想與現實差異，輔以辨識情緒、增強正向行為，建立合宜的社交模式；見證因疾病合併智能不足導致社交互動障礙，可透過社會化訓練策略降低症狀表現與暴力頻率，期盼此護理經驗能提供臨床照護實務之參考。

關鍵字

自閉症類群；智能不足；藝術治療；衝動控制失效；社交互動障礙

並列摘要

This article presents a nursing experience in the care of a patient with autism spectrum disorder and comorbid intellectual disability, exhibiting deficits in impulse control and social interaction abilities, resulting in violent verbal and behavioral expressions and recurrent hospitalizations. During the nursing period from July 4 to 22, 2022, using observation, interviews, reviewing medical records, and holistic assessment, it was established that the case had three health problems: changes in the thinking process, failure of impulse control, and barriers to social interaction. Using art therapy, such as drawing pictures and writing a mood diary, providing channels for cases to express their emotions to help control impulsive behaviours, and adopting simple, warm, and firm kind communication skills to guide cases to distinguish the difference between delusion and reality, supplemented by identifying emotions and enhancing positive behaviours, Establish an appropriate social model; witness the lack of social interaction ability due to illness combined with mental retardation, and socialisation training strategies can be used to reduce symptoms and frequency of violence. It is hoped that this nursing experience can provide a reference for clinical nursing practise.

並列關鍵字

Autism spectrum disorders ； Intellectual disability ； Art therapy ； Ineffective Impulse Control ； Social interaction disturbance

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