憂鬱症線上討論言談之主題分析

Exploring Topics in Online Discourses on Depression

劉郁文(Yu-Wen Liu)

指導教授 ： 謝舒凱

國立臺灣大學/文學院/語言學研究所/碩士(2017年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201700670

摘要

憂鬱症在線諮詢服務及線上同儕支持團體於近二十年間愈發蓬勃。本研究以語言學角度切入，運用自然語言處理方法，旨在探討對於使用上述網路諮詢資源之憂鬱族群而言，何等言談主題最受關切。透過語料庫為本之研究方法，並輔以主題模型技術，本論文針對三個專業醫療諮詢網站和一個線上同儕論壇之憂鬱症文本資料進行言談分析。研究結果顯示，在線醫病問答內容所論及之憂鬱症主題，大致涵蓋以下四類：（一）憂鬱症狀、（二）用藥與藥物併用、（三）治療方式和（四）家庭。反觀病友間之討論溝通，則多與下列五主題相關，其分別為：（一）負面情緒之肇因、（二）壓力來源、（三）非藥物治療、（四）同儕支持與鼓勵，以及（五）醫療資訊共享。除對比醫病與同儕兩諮詢脈絡下之討論主題，本研究亦指出憂鬱群體根據言談對象不同，所呈現語言表達層面之細微差異，包括：（一）憂鬱情緒之敘述、（二）自我與他者間之疏離感、（三）壓力來源、（四）虛詞之使用、（五）獨白式問句之用意。期望藉由探究憂鬱者之語言表徵及其關注議題，本文成果可使該群體在線諮詢過程更為順遂，亦希冀此研究對於憂鬱症臨床溝通有所助益。

關鍵字

憂鬱症 ； 言談分析 ； 計算語言學 ； 主題模型 ； 線上諮詢 ； 醫病溝通 ； 同儕支持

並列摘要

The last two decades have witnessed the rise of online counselling and peer support services for persons with major depressive disorder (MDD). The current study addresses the question of what discourse topics are most cardinal to the depressed who make use of online consultation resources. Text data on three professional counselling websites and a peer discussion forum are collected for analyses which integrate statistical topic modelling techniques with corpus-based approaches. Findings indicate that topics brought forth by depression patients in the professional context are often associated with (1) depression symptoms; (2) medicines and comedication; (3) treatments; and (4) family. On the other hand, themes in peer communication primarily center on (1) causes of pessimistic feelings; (2) sources of pressure; (3) non-medical treatments; (4) mutual support and encouragement; and (5) sharing of healthcare and medical information. Nuanced differences in the two contexts, including the patients’ narration on depressed mood, feeling of self-other alienation, sources of pressure, use of function words and interrogation, are also discussed in the present work. By probing into the language of the depressed, it is hoped that results of the research contribute to more effective and smoother communication in not only the patients’ online interactions with healthcare providers and peers but also real-life clinical encounters.

並列關鍵字

depression ； discourse analysis ； computational linguistics ； topic models ； online counseling ； doctor-patient communication ； peer support

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