美國專利審查實務之研究

本研究分析大量的公開資料，以深入了解美國專利審查過程的運行，文章安排如下: 第二章先對主要國家申請資料做一宏觀的介紹，並討論關於美國歷年審查委員核准/核駁原因趨勢。第三章則利用PTAB中的Appeal資料去探勘，研究被審查委員核駁的專利，是如何在PTAB中得到逆轉；觀察被引用的判決與技術分類的關聯性，並將最常被引用的判決所出現的特定句子摘錄出來，這些被摘錄出來的句子，就是PTAB 用來說理的部分，可做為反駁的基礎。第四章總結在PTAB的發現，並提供了一些結論性意見。在101審查方面，根據本文研究，2019 PEG 指南發布後，造成101條的駁回大幅減少48.5%，上訴後被核准的件數也增56%，但在PTAB 真正逆轉的案件僅增加5%。在101涉及的技術領域上，主要落在3600商業方法和2100軟體的部分，最重要的判決前三大是Alice、Mayo、Bilski。

關鍵字

美國專利審查； PTAB ；核駁理由；大數據；法律科技

並列摘要

This study is data analysis of a mass amount of public information on patent examination, in order to deeply and broadly know how the patent prosecutions of the United States go through. The study is organized as follows: Chapter 2 makes a macro view using the IP5 materials, and discusses the trend of the reasons for granting or rejection of the patent examiners over the years based on public data of USPTO PAIR. Chapter 3 is based on patent appealing data of PTAB, realizing how the cases rejected in the patent application prosecution by the examiners are reversed in the opinions of the Board, extracting specific sentences from the most frequently cited cases and observing the relevance of cited cases and the art unit. Herein, the specific sentences extracted from the cited cases are used and relied on for the reasons to reverse the cases by PTAB. Chapter 4 summarizes the findings of PTAB, and provides some concluding observations. In terms of the 101 study, after the release of the 2019 PEG guidelines, it s ignificantly results a substantial reduction of 48.5% of the 101 rejections, and the number of approved items after appeal is also increased up to 56%, but the cases where PTAB really reversed is increased by only 5%. In the technical field involved in 101, it mainly falls on the part of 3600 business methods and 2100 software, herein the top three most important cases are Alice, Mayo and Bilski.