都市污水厭氧生物處理之研究—探討醣類、蛋白質及脂質的降解

Anaerobic Biotechnology for Domestic Wastewater Treatment—Explore the Degradation of Sugars, Proteins and Lipids

吳榮哲(Jong-Che WU)

指導教授 ： 林正芳

國立臺灣大學/工學院/環境工程學研究所/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201900006

摘要

本研究以固定厭氧生物反應模組，採取以全實廠污水連續進流的方式進行試驗，操作溫度設定為25℃，並以水力停留時間(HRT)16、12、8及6小時等四個階段檢測分析處理成果，檢測結果為化學需氧量(TCOD)的總平均去除率為76.5%，各階段的平均去除率，HRT=16小時之平均去除率為75.5%、HRT=12小時之平均去除率為76.3%、HRT=8小時之平均去除率為78.7%，HRT=6小時之平均去除率則為74.6%。
在HRT=6小時及突增負荷的操作條件下，出流水TCOD平均值為62 mg/L (最大值77 mg/L，最小值49 mg/L)，均符合放流水化學需氧量(COD)之排放標準(100 mg/L)，顯示厭氧固定生物反應系統對突增負荷的穩定度及低水力停留時間(HRT)的處理能效，可滿足現階段都市污水處理的需求，而以厭氧固定生物反應系統處理，不需持續性曝氣且廢棄污泥量極低，可節省電費及污泥清理費用甚為可觀。
從醣類、蛋白質及脂質這三種都市污水中主要有機成分的檢測結果顯示，醣類及蛋白質的削減率在何種水力停留時間的操作條件下均可達80%以上，脂質則僅維持在40%～60%之間，顯見脂質的去除效能是固定厭氧生物處理的限制因子，如何利用醣類、蛋白質及脂質的共降解效應以提高脂質的降解效率，是提升厭氧固定生物處理系統的整體效能的重要課題。

關鍵字

都市污水 ； 厭氧固定生物 ； 醣類 ； 蛋白質 ； 脂質

並列摘要

This research, the fixed anaerobic biological treatment module was used to test the continuous influent of the whole domestic wastewater. The operating temperature was set to 25 °C, and the results were analyzed in four phases of hydraulic retention time (HRT) at 16, 12, 8 and 6 hours.
The results showed that the total average removal rate of chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) was 76.5% and for the average removal rate of each phase, the average removal rate at HRT of 16 hours was 75.5%, 76.3% at HRT of 12 hours, 78.7% at HRT of 8 hours and 74.6% at HRT of 6 hours.
At HRT of 6 hours and the operating condition of sudden load increase, the average TCOD of effluent was 62 mg/L (maximum 77 mg/L and minimum 49 mg/L), which was consistent with the emission standards for chemical oxygen demand of the discharged water (COD, 100mg/L), showing the stability of the fixed anaerobic biological treatment system for sudden load increase and low hydraulic retention time (HRT) that satisfied the current demand of domestic wastewater treatment via the fixed anaerobic biological treatment system. Such system does not require continuous aeration and the production of waste sludge is extremely low, which conserves electricity and tremendously reduces the sludge disposal cost.
The analytic results of major organic components in three types of domestic wastewater, such as sugars, proteins and lipids, showed that the reduction rate of sugars and proteins could achieve more than 80% under the operating condition of any hydraulic retention time, where the level of lipids could only be maintained between 40% and 60%. It was obvious that the removal efficiency of lipids was the limiting factor for the fixed anaerobic biological treatment system. The improvement to degradation efficiency of lipids in the co-degradation effect of sugars, proteins and lipids is the key issue to enhance the overall effectiveness of the fixed anaerobic biological treatment system.

並列關鍵字

Domestic wastewater ； Anaerobic biological treatment ； Carbohydrate ； Sugar ； Protein ； Lipid

參考文獻

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