- 學位論文
多層奈米碳管/環氧樹脂複合材料之製作與性質研究
Preparation and Characterization of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Epoxy Nanocomposites
摘要
本論文主要利用環氧樹脂混合多層奈米碳管製作複合材料，討論其加工、機械及導電性質。本實驗，首先分析工業化多層奈米碳管，利用TEM分析形貌及碳管長度分布為646.7 ± 399.8 nm。而經過球磨處理兩天之後，其長度碾短分布趨向一致。 再者，我們將碳管表面吸附上NaPSS和PS，並將其分散在環氧樹脂當中。由熱重量分析、穿透式光學顯微鏡和UV-VIS分析得知，經過 PS 表面處理後的多層奈米碳管(PS-MWCNT)，相較於未處理的碳管或經過NaPSS表面處理的多層奈米碳管(NaPSS-MWCNT)，更可均勻的分散在環氧樹脂中。 未處理過的碳管混入環氧樹脂流變測試後，得知溫度越高黏度越低。環氧樹脂混入表面處理過後的碳管相較於未處理的碳管黏度、彈性模數、損失模數較低，碳管的影響也降低。在5wt%高碳管含量時，複合材料的行為趨於固態行為、黏度過高，加工方式也不能使用原先的灌模，而是使用壓模成型。 利用粒徑/界面電位分析儀可測得NaPSS-MWCNT之Zeta potential ( -52.93 mV )、MWCNT ( -25.51 mV )、PS-MWCNT ( -20.36 mV )，Zeta potential的差異與環氧樹脂複合材料的電導性質有關，可發現加入NaPSS-MWCNT混合的複材，其電導度隨著添加NaPSS-MWCNT的重量百分比含量上升比起MWCNT、PS-MWCNT更快。另一方面，利用新穎測試方法測試剪切強度，會發現加入PS-MWCNT混合的複材，其本質剪切力在PS-MWCNT含量為 0.5wt% 達到最高，正向力相關係數低，而其他因分散程度差，造成本質剪切力較低。由FESEM觀察0.5wt% 碳管含量在環氧樹脂中分散程度：PS-MWCNT > MWCNT > NaPSS-MWCNT，造成機械性質程度的差異。
並列摘要
This research mainly focused on the processing, mechanical and electric properties of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/epoxy nanocomposites. The morphology of MWCNT used in our experiment was investigated by the transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The length of MWCNT is in the range from 246.9 nm to 1046.5 nm. After two days ball-milling, the length becomes shorter and more uniform. The surface of MWCNT was first treated by polystyrene (PS) and sodium polystyrene sulfonate (NaPSS) and then dispersed in diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA). According to the thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), transmitted optical microscopy (OM), and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), it was found that the MWCNT modified with PS showed better dispersion in epoxy than that modified with NaPSS. The electrical conductivity of NaPSS-MWCNT/epoxy composite shows the highest electrical conductivity among the composites, due to the nature of polyelectrolyte for NaPSS. The PS-MWCNT/epoxy composite shows the lowest electrical conductivity because of the non-conductive nature of PS. Nevertheless, the electrical conductivity of nanocomposites increased with the content of MWCNT. According to the rheology test of the untreated carbon nanotubes mixed in the epoxy resin, the viscosity showed lower value with higher temperature. The viscosity, storage modulus, and loss modulus is smaller for the epoxy resin mixed with the surface pre-treated carbon tubes, with compared to that with the untreated carbon tubes. For the epoxy resin solution containing 5 wt% carbon tubes, the behavior of the composite material tends to solid behavior, i.e., the viscosity is too high. Therefore, the original processing methods of filling molding can not be applied; instand, the compression molding method should be used. The shear strength of nanocomposite was then measured using a unique test fixture that is capable of controlling the normal to shear plane angle in a confined testing space. It reached the largest as 0.5 wt% PS-MWCNT was incorporated and then gradually decreased with increasing content of PS-MWCNT. However, the shear strength of other nanocomposites decreased as MWCNT and NaPSS-MWCNT were incorporated into the epoxy resin. From the morphology investigated by scanning electron microscopy, poor dispersion of MWCNT in epoxy resin resulted in lower shear strength of nanocomposites.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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