排隊理論應用於生鮮處理中心之進料分析

Application of Queueing Theory for Loading Analysis of a Fresh Produces Processing Center

楊憲仁(Hsien-Jen Yang)

指導教授 ： 張森富

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/生物產業機電工程學研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2004.00074

摘要

摘 要
生鮮處理中心的興起解決了行銷通路中的物流配送問題，但有別於一般常溫配送，如果配送過程管理不當，農產品、漁產品、畜產品等類很容易變質或腐敗，如何增進通路的效率，保持產品新鮮度和延長市場的銷售時間，使生產者及消費者都受益是生鮮處理中心的主要目標。
本研究之主要目的是經由實際觀察及蒐集資料，了解供應商貨車送貨的實際等候情況，找出容易擁塞的時段及原因，針對此擁塞時段採取初步權宜措施，並追蹤實施後的成效如何，同時提供業者參考。
根據研究結果顯示，一星期當中在下午3:30至9:30時段較容易塞車的原因是平均等候時間 (46.54~64.30分鐘)以及平均隊列長過長。因大部分的供應商是在星期一公休，所以除了星期一、二幾乎不用排隊之外，其他日子平均需排隊長度為4至5輛的車輛。增加一個服務機構後，車輛排隊等候情形獲得明顯改善，平均等待時間降為約10分鐘左右，而平均隊列長降為只需排隊等候一輛貨車即可接受服務。由調查結果發現一星期當中並非每天都有擁塞情形，故只需在星期三至星期日多增加一個服務機構即可。星期一、二仍維持原本4個服務機構，節省的人力可利用星期一、二輪休或支援其他部門作業。人力既可充分利用同時又可降低成本。

關鍵字：低溫物流中心、排隊理論、等候時間

關鍵字

關鍵字 ； 等候時間 ； 排隊理論 ； 溫物流中心

並列摘要

Abstract
The emerging of fresh produces processing centers solves many problems of material handling in marketing routes. Farm produces, fishery products, meat and dairy products are very easily deteriorated during marketing processes. It is totally different from those materials can be handled at normal temperature. How to increase marketing efficiency by keeping those agricultural products fresh and extending their shelf life is the main goal of fresh produces processing centers to benefit both farmers and consumers.
The main objective of this study is to investigate rushed periods of suppliers’ cargo trucks and why they are waiting by observation on-the-site and collection of their arriving and leaving records. In order to improve the waiting situation, make-up measures are adopted. Follow-up surveys are also conducted for analysis of effectiveness and future reference to the related enterprise.
According to the results obtained, the rushed period is from 3:30PM to 9:30PM. Usually, the average waiting time is around 46.5 to 64.3 minutes and the average waiting length is 4 to 5 trucks except Monday and Tuesday. The reason is that no business on Monday in most producing markets. By increasing one service line from Wednesday to Sunday, the waiting situation is improved a lot. The average waiting time is reduced to around 10 minutes and the waiting length is one truck. It is very good to man-power management and reducing of costs.

Key words：Cold storage distribution center, Queueing theory, Waiting time

並列關鍵字

Waiting time. ； Queueing theory ； Cold storage distribution center ； Key word

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