有機與無機太陽能電池製備研究

A Study on the Fabrication of Organic/inorganic solar cells

陳欣怡(Shing-Yi Chen)

指導教授 ： 梁啟德

共同指導教授 ： 陳永芳(Yang-Fang Chen)

國立臺灣大學/理學院/物理研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2009.00093

摘要

在能源危機的世代，研究出適合的再生能源是當務之急。而再生能源中又以太陽能電池受到大眾矚目。太陽能電池的種類繁多，若以材料種類分類，可以分成：矽太陽能電池、無機化合物太陽能電池、染料敏化太陽能電池、有機太陽能電池等。其中是以單晶矽太陽能電池效率最高，但是其製作成本高，不符合經濟效益。而有機太陽能電池的優點在於製作成本低，只需旋轉塗佈機便可以塗佈上作用層，再用加熱板加熱結晶，屬於低溫製程。造價低加上厚度薄，若是用於塑膠基板上變成可橈式太陽能電池，十分具有實用價值。
此篇論文主要研究有機高分子混合結構的太陽能電池，以及有機混無機的太陽能電池。有機混無機的太陽能電池是先在清洗後的ITO玻璃旋轉塗佈上ZnO薄膜，然後置於高溫爐中燒結，再利用電鍍法長出柱狀ZnO。接著旋轉塗佈上高分子P3HT，置於加熱板上結晶，再蒸鍍上銀電極，接著量測光電流。目前已做出效率0.04%的太陽能電池。
另外的研究主題是有機的太陽能電池。有機的太陽能電池是使用P3HT/PCBM系統，先清洗ITO玻璃，再利用旋轉塗佈上一層PEDOT當作電洞傳輸層，接者置於加熱板上烤乾去除水分。再置於手套箱中旋轉塗佈上P3HT/PCBM的混合物當作作用層，再置於加熱板上烤乾結晶，接著熱蒸鍍上一層BCP當作保護層，避免蒸鍍鋁電極時破壞P3HT。蒸鍍後塗上UV膠蓋上玻璃封裝，然後在大氣中量測在模擬AM1.5太陽光照的光電流。其中P3HT為電子提供者，PCBM為電子接受者，當照光時可以在其中產生電子電洞對，再分離到電極成電流流出。在試驗下目前已可以做出效率3.5%的太陽能電池。

關鍵字

太陽能電池 ； 有機高分子 ； 製程

並列摘要

At the time of energy crisis, it is urgent to find proper reproducible energy. Among all the reproducible energies, solar cells are the most noticeable. There are many kinds of solar cells. Of all these solar cells, the crystalline based solar cells have the highest efficiency. But its production process cost the most, lacking economical benefits. In contrast, the advantage of organic solar cells is its lower cost. It only needs a spin coater to coat the active layer and then anneal with the hotplate. With its low cost and thin thickness, it would be practical to use them on plastic boards to make flexible solar ells.
This thesis is mainly focused on the research of organic solar cells and organic/inorganic hybrid solar cells. The organic/inorganic hybrid solar cells are made from ZnO rods and polymer P3HT.After cleaning the ITO, they are spin coated with ZnO film, for the growth of ZnO rods. Then P3HT was spin coated on ZnO nanorods. After annealing, Ag contact was evaporated for the measurement of photocurrent. By far, the solar cells with the efficiency of 0.04% can be reached.
The organic solar cells were made from blends of P3HT and PCBM. Due to the instability of pure organic solar cells, they are required an environment with nitrogen. The process of organic solar cells includes washing the ITO glass, spin coating a PEDOT layer as the hole transport layer, and then drying on the hotplate to remove the water. Then putting in the glove box, a mixture of P3HT/PCBM layer was spin coated as the active layer, then anneal, and a layer of BCP was evaporated as the protective layer to avoid the damage to P3HT during the evaporation of Al contact. Finally, a UV gel was sealed in the glass. With these processed, the solar cells with the efficiency of 3.4% are available now.

並列關鍵字

solar cells ； organic solar cells ； P3HT

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