微生物生物復育時細胞聚集與氫離子釋放的應用

The Applications of Cell-Pellets Forming and Protons Releasing in Microbial Bioremediation

梁茂實(MAO-SHIH LIANG)

指導教授 ： 劉懷勝

國立臺灣大學/工學院/化學工程學研究所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2007.00161

摘要

用微生物分解碳氫化合物的污染物，是相當受到重視的環境工程方法。本研究有兩株微生物：NTU-1 Smooth和Rhodococcus erythropolis NTU-1 Rough都可以分解碳氫化合物，還可以用包裹的方式移除大量烷類。經由研究NTU-1 Rough的過程中找到兩種有效提升其結塊移除烷類的方法，分別是在100mL液態礦物培養基裡加入2mL NB (Nutrient Broth)培養基、以及對液態培養基大量通氣。尤其是後者可以有效地提前一天使微生物產生結塊。另外利用增加培養基緩衝能力的方式，可以有效地幫助NTU-1 Rough包覆正十八烷，形成菌塊。
由實驗數據發現，在中性範圍的pH值環境下，NTU-1 Rough利用長直烷類的量和釋放的氫離子量成明顯的正比關係，且比率正比於碳鍊長度。這個發現未來可以當作測定烷類變化量的簡便工具，以減少分析時的麻煩。在較低pH值環境下NTU-1 Rough和NTU-1 Smooth都會啟動不同的生理機制繼續分解烷類，表示在低pH的狀況下，這兩株微生物還是可以繼續利用烷類，未來在低pH環境的生物復育很有潛力。
此外，本研究發現利用恆壓過濾當作檢測微生物表面性質和狀態是可行的方向。本研究中在低溫缺乏碳源的情況下，NTU-1 Rough和NTU-1 Smooth過濾時比阻的大小都會隨著飢餓狀態時間越長而減小，特別是15天後，NTU-1 Rough的比阻會降至原本的百分之一左右，這表示微生物的表面性質和狀態充分影響過濾比阻。

關鍵字

生物復育 ； 生物分解 ； 氫離子 ； 端過濾

並列摘要

To biodegrade hydrocarbon chemicals by means of microorganisms is a very noteworthy method in environmental engineering. Both NTU-1 Smooth and Rhodococcus erythropolis NTU-1 Rough can not only degrade hydrocarbons but also remove alkanes efficiently by trapping them in cell-pellets. Through this investigation, we found two methods to enhance the formation of cell-pellets. One is to add 2mL NB (Nutrient Broth) in 100mL MSM (Minimal Salt Medium), and the other is aeration. The former could effectively shorten pellet-forming period by one day. In addition, the increase of MSM buffer capacity was also observed to help NTU-1 Rough form cell pellets when utilizing octadecane.
According to this study, the amount of protons released by NTU-1 Rough, under moderate pH, was in proportion to the amount of n-alkane degraded. The ratios depend on the carbon numbers of those alkanes. This discovery provides a novel and easy way to monitor alkane quantity. With low pH, both NTU-1 Rough and NTU-1 Smooth still could utilize alkanes through different physiological mechanisms. The fact that both strains demonstrated bioremediation potential under low pH environment promises their future applications.
Evaluating microbial surface properties by a constant-pressure microfiltration found to be feasible. In our work, under low temperature and carbon starvation, the filtration specific resistances of both NTU-1 Rough and NTU-1 Smooth decreased with time dramatically. Especially after 15 days, specific resistance of NTU-1 Rough was reduced to one percent of its original level suggesting that the surface properties had enormous effects on the performance of filtration.

並列關鍵字

bioremediation ； biodegradation ； proton ； dead-end filtration

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