降低切換式電源供應器待機功耗之控制積體電路分析設計與實作

Analysis, Design and Implementation of Control IC for Reducing Switched-Mode Power Supply Standby Power Loss

曾任輝(Ren-Huei Tzeng)

指導教授 ： 陳秋麟

國立臺灣大學/電機資訊學院/電子工程學研究所/博士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2009.00240

摘要

在切換式電源供應器工業中，規範標準常扮演著促使切換電源供應器進化的角色。然而在這些規範標準中，待機模式效率提升是未來電源供應器設計一個很重要的問題，因而近幾年來，電源供應器於待機模式的節能設計都是一個很主要而且困難的目標。一般文獻中，改善待機模式效率的技術主要有兩大類。第一類為綠能省電技術(green-mode technique)，其主要原理為在待機模式時等效降低切換頻率以降低電源供應器的耗能；第二類是新型的閘極驅動方式，此技術可以更進一步降低電源供應器在每一個切換周期中的耗能。
本論文除了對電源供應器的基本知識做個簡短的介紹和回顧上述兩種增進待機模式效率的技術之外，更提出一種驅動的方式來降低每個切換周期中的耗能。此驅動方式為利用一可調節式閘極驅動器使功率電晶體操作在最低的閘極驅動電壓，因而可以將低驅動功率耗能。為驗證此驅動方式，本論文提出一閘極驅動器，此閘極驅動器不需要任何外部離散元件，完全是由積體電路方式製作完成，比起其它文獻中有效率的閘極驅動器都要簡單。實驗結果顯示，比起不調節驅動電壓的驅動器，本驅動器可以在電源電壓為30伏的情況下節省55.4%的耗能。此外，本論文另提出一可調節電源電壓控制器，並藉由改善一次側與輔助繞組之耦合係數，可以根據不同的負載管理電源的分配，並於一般操作之下調節電源電壓以節省控制晶片的功率損失。

關鍵字

隔離型切換式電源供應器 ； 待機模式 ； 閘極驅動器 ； 切換損失 ； 電源電壓 ； 驅動電壓

並列摘要

In the switched mode power supply (SMPS) industry, criteria play an important role to develop the SMPS. Of the criteria, the standby mode efficiency is an important issue of the future power supply design. Reduction in power consumption in the standby mode condition is the primary and tough target of the power supply design in the recent years. In general literature, two techniques applied to improve the performance of the standby mode condition are the green-mode technique, applied to essentially decrease switching frequency and novel gate driving methods, facilitating to further reduce the power consumption of each switching cycle.
This dissertation gives brief background knowledge of power supply and reviews the techniques for SMPS standby mode performance enhancement. Also, in this dissertation, a driving method is developed to reduce the power consumption of each switching cycle. The method is to use a regulated gate driver to eliminate unnecessary gate driving voltage to reduce the driving power consumption. The proposed gate driver is completely designed on chip and does not need extra off-chip components. Moreover, it is simpler than other efficient gate drivers in the literatures. Compared with the non-regulated gate driver, the power dissipation of the proposed gate driver can be reduced up to 55.4% under 30V supply voltage in the experiment. Besides, this dissertation also proposes a regulated supply voltage controller. With the better coupling coefficient of primary winding and the auxiliary winding, the supply voltage controller can manage the power distribution according to varied load conditions. And it can regulate the supply voltage in normal operation to decreasing the power consumption of the control chip.

並列關鍵字

Off line SMPS ； standby mode ； gate driver ； switching loss ； supply voltage ； driving voltage

參考文獻

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