摘要
當前所未見大量的免費網路學術資料與服務充斥於網路環境中,圖書館該如何面對網路 的使用者,重新在網路時代定位自己的角色?並又該如何以圖書館有限的技術資源,面對不 斷改變的網路環境作出調整、適應網路,以提供更多網路資料及服務給使用者? 本論文首先點出,網路上大量免費資料及服務如何影響使用者查找學術資料的習ﰀ, 並因此造成圖書館使用者流失、information gateway 角色逐漸被網路取代的困境。網路上大 量資料與Web 2.0的服務使圖書館服務相形見拙;而圖書館館藏系統的寡佔性、封閉性與圖 書館內部技術支援的缺乏,更使得圖書館難以在系統層面快速做出調整,而問題也因此難以 解決。本文檢視圖書館界對此問題已提出的各種解決方法,這些方法均著重於圖書館該如何 與網路競爭,然而本論文將提出另一種觀點:網路並非圖書館的競爭者,圖書館應該融入網 路的大環境、延伸觸角,並重新定位網路時代圖書館的角色。 為此,本論文提出 Web Scalable Library 模型,將網路視為實體世界的延伸,將圖書館 的場域從實體延伸至網路環境。我們以傳統圖書館的四項基本元素——資料、使用者、圖書 館與服務——來說明 Web Scalable Library 將場域延伸到網路後的改變。對於傳統圖書館如 何轉型成 Web Scalable Library,本文提出 Pull 與 Push,及 Integration、Dis-Integration 以及 Re-Integration 來說明轉變方式。從系統實做層面,我們也提出 Adaptive Library Service Transformation Architecture 架構,以不修改圖書館核心系統的方式,改造現有的圖書館服務 使其適應網路,協助圖書館突破系統封閉與技術資源不足的困境。本論文並以臺大圖書館為 例,說明臺大圖書館如何在有限技術資源下改造封閉系統,將圖書館服務場域延伸到網路, 實現 Web Scalable Library。
並列摘要
This thesis proposes a library model to help university libraries reposition themselves and utilize limited technical resources to serve patrons in a rapidly changing digital world. I first discuss why the growth of the web has drawn patrons’ attention away from libraries in chapter 1. The large quantity of digital materials available on the Web and user-friendly Web services have changed all daily activities including research. Scholars now turn to the web rather than the library for research resources. Libraries are losing patrons. The solutions discussed in chapter 2 by library associations to attract patrons’ attention to libraries mainly focus on enhancing integrated library systems. This thesis argues that libraries should merge themselves into the web rather than compete with it. In chapter 3 and 4, I propose a Web Scalable Library and Adaptive Library Services Transformation Architecture to help libraries extend their reach from the physical world to the Web. The Web Scalable Library is a model that libraries including the Web in consideration the policy towards collections, mediums, patrons and services. I then explain how the Web Scalable Library can be achieved, based, in theory, on the concepts Pull and Push, and in practice, on Integration, Dis-Integration and Re-Integration. Adaptive Library Services Transformation Architecture is a system architecture built with the aim of avoiding library system modification under conditions of closed system design and an oligopoly market of library systems. It is designed to adapt library services to different Web platforms with a faster, light-weight development cycle and affordable development costs. Finally, in chapter 5, I present the case of National Taiwan University Library (NTULIB) as an example to show how NTULIB was extended into a Web Scalable Library, based on the model and architecture proposed in this thesis.
參考文獻
• 阮紹薇(2009)，網站典藏庫徵集任務之實務與發展現況，臺灣大學圖書館館刊大學圖書館，13(2)，71-99。
• 顧敏(1988)，現代圖書館學探討(頁137)，臺灣學生書局。
• Bailey, A., & Back, G. (2006). LibX – a Firefox extension for enhanced library access. Library Hi Tech, 24(2), 290–304. doi:10.1108/07378830610669646
• Bassett, D., & Kumaran, M. (2008). Libraries and Google Co-op. Journal of Library Administration, 46(3-4), 181–189. doi:10.1300/J111v46n03_12
• Borgman, C. (1996). Why are online catalogs still hard to use? J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci., 47(7), 493–503. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4571(199607)47:7%3C493::AID-ASI3%3E3.0.CO;2-P.