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  • 學位論文

關渡自然保留區紅樹林變遷之研究

A Study of Mangrove Change in Kuantu Nature Reserve

指導教授 : 李建堂
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摘要


淡水河口的水筆仔紅樹林主要集中於竹圍、關渡和挖仔尾三處。關渡自然保留區自1978年以來植群變遷快速,水筆仔分布面積不斷地擴張,已造成生態保育及防洪之間的兩難。因此,研究區之紅樹林變遷有研究之必要性。本研究透過航空照片判釋及地形變遷分析,從地形變遷,探討研究區1998-2006年間之紅樹林變遷的作用機制與過程。研究結果顯示,水筆仔分布面積由1998年的26.72公頃,增加至2006年的33.01公頃,植群組成仍為水筆仔為主而蘆葦為輔之林澤地,水筆仔所佔總植群面積的百分比由1998年的68.83%增加到2006年的83.16%,生育地已趨向單一化發展。藉由植群變遷偵測,得知其變遷主要以蘆葦轉變為水筆仔、裸露地 (變遷面積為5.36公頃,佔1998年蘆葦面積的45.80%) 及裸露地轉變成水筆仔、蘆葦 (變遷面積為2.33公頃,佔1998年裸露地面積的23.94%) 等四種變遷型態最為明顯。近期地形變遷之特徵,則包括了潮流溝的向上游加長及基隆河外圍裸露地的擴張,皆有利於水筆仔散布、擴展其生育地範圍,進而取代蘆葦的生育地和裸露地之範圍。

並列摘要


The distribution of Kandelia in the estuary of the Tanshui River is concentrated mainly in three areas, Chuwei, Kuantu, and Watzewei. Vegetation in Kuantu Nature Reserve has changed significantly since 1978, accompanied with the increase of distribution area of Kandelia that may cause the struggle between ecological conservation and flood control; therefore the vegetation change there needs to be studied. This study uses aerial photo interpretation and geomorphologic change analysis to investigate the change of Kandelia distribution in Kuantu Nature Reserve from 1998 to 2006. Results indicate the total area of Kandelia has increased from 26.72 ha in 1998 to 33.01 ha in 2006, while the percentage of Kandelia to the whole vegetation area increases from 68.83% to 83.16%, which shows that the vegetation composite tends to be more pure. By means of change detection analysis, the substitute of Kandelia for Pharagmites is so obvious that about 4.62 ha of Pharagmites grounds are replaced by Kandelia during the study period and its change area percentage is 39.48%. Simultaneously, 22.58% of bare soil is substituted by Kandelia and Kandelia occupies 2.20 ha of bare soil in 2006. Geomorphologic change features of the study area including the headward erosion of tidal creeks and the spreading of the bare land near the Keelung River help the dispersal and colonization of Kandelia; therefore it can replace Pharagmites and bare land to spread its distribution area.

參考文獻


李建堂 (2000) 從地形觀點看淡水河口水筆仔紅樹林分布變遷之研究,國科會專題研究計畫成果報告。
李建堂、鄭育斌、邱文良、林則桐、陳建文、王儀臻 (2002) 關渡自然保留區1986-1998年植群變遷,臺灣林業科學,17 (1): 41-50。
徐育民 (2008) 淡水河系紅樹林分布之環境因子研究,國立臺灣大學土木工程學系碩士論文。
王儀臻 (1999) 河口溼地之生態研究-以關渡沼澤地植群變遷為例,國立臺灣大學地理環境資源學研究所碩士論文。
李建堂 (2003) 淡水河口水筆仔紅樹林分布變遷之研究,華岡地理學報,16: 59-69。

被引用紀錄


楊勝崎(2012)。河岸紅樹林擴張之生態水利模式建立〔博士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2012.03193

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