植物工廠內紅酸模、紫甘藍芽與青花菜芽栽培模式之建立

本研究旨在建立維生素 C 含量及經濟價值均高的紅酸模 (Rumex sanguineus) 與具高抗氧化能力的兩種芽菜的栽培標準模式，三種作物均建議採撒播方式於不織布上栽培。　　紅酸模的栽培針對栽培密度、栽培光質之紅藍光比值、光週期、光量與養液電導度進行探討，其中推薦之撒播密度為 8.0 g seed∙m-2 ，建議的栽培天數為播種後27天採收。以紅藍光比值為 2.06 的紅白 LED為光源，每日 20 小時之光週期，光量為313 μmol∙m-2∙s-1 為兼顧產量與維生素 C 總量之栽培光配方。養液電導度為 1.6 mS∙cm-1。電力產能 (產品鮮重除以耗電量) 可達 19 g∙kWh-1，營電比 (產品價值除以耗電成本) 可達 34。　　兩種芽菜分別為紫甘藍芽 (Brassica oleracea var. capitate f. rubra) 及青花菜芽 (Brassica oleracea var. italica)，撒播於透明且透氣的塑膠盒內進行栽培，達栽培天數即可直接整盒出貨，在全紅光且光量為 74.9 μmol∙m-2∙s-1 的環境下，搭配每日20 小時之光週期進行紫甘藍芽與青花菜芽的栽培，兩者之電力產能可分別高達 179 g∙kWh-1 與 315 g∙kWh-1，營電比可分別高達46 與 81。兩種芽菜均只栽培7天，造成單盒鮮重偏低，應延長至10至14天。　　紅酸模的單價與年產值均高，紫甘藍芽與青花菜芽的營電比與電力產能均高，三者都是具高經濟價值與能源利用效率的可行作物選項。本研究可提供植物工廠經營業者在量產品種選擇與栽培方法的參考。

關鍵字

植物工廠；紅酸模；維生素 C ；青花菜芽；紫甘藍芽

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to establish standard cultivation procedures for vitamin C rich red sorrel (Rumex sanguineus) and two types of sprouts with high antioxidant. The economic value of above mentioned 3 crops are high compare with regular leafy greens. Broadcast sowing on non-woven fabrics are recommended for three crops. The effects of seed density, ratio of red to blue light, light period, light intensity, and electrical conductivity of nutrient solution were discussed for hydroponically grown red sorrel. Results showed yield and vitamin C content could be optimally balanced via the following cultivation settings such as seed density of 8.0 g seed∙m-2 and harvested on 27 days after sowing, using red and white LED as the light source with 2.06 red to blue ratio, 20-hour light period, 313 μmol∙m-2∙s-1 light intensity and 1.6 mS∙cm-1 for the electrical conductivity of nutrient solution. Under such conditions, the energy Yield (fresh weight of crops divided by power consumption) reaches 19 g∙kWh-1, and the ratio of revenue to lighting electricity cost (product value divided by power consumption cost) reaches 34. Two types of sprouts, red cabbage sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. capitate f. rubra) and broccoli sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. italica), are broadcasted in transparent and air-permeable plastic boxes, therefore could be grow and later shipped directly within the boxes. Energy Yield would obtain 179 g∙kWh-1 and 315 g∙kWh-1, respectively, and the ratio of revenue to lighting electricity cost reach 46 and 81, respectively when using full red light with light intensity of 74.9 μmol∙m-2∙s-1, and 20-hour light period. Both types of sprouts were cultivated for only 7 days, resulting in a low fresh weight per box. Suggested cultivation period would be 10 to 14 days. The unit price and annual yield of red sorrel are high. Also, the ratio of revenue to electricity cost and energy yield of red cabbage sprouts and broccoli sprouts are high. All three crops are viable options with high commercial value and energy efficiency. This study provided plant factory operators a variety selection for mass production and a reference cultivation procedure.