仿表面電漿子波導之降低串擾最佳化

目前印刷電路板上的單一電訊號傳輸線的數位資料速率已經達到數百Mb/s甚至數個Gb/s，為了使總體傳輸率可以高達數百 Gb/s甚至數個 Tb/s，因此目前印刷電路板的走線密度已經非常高，使得我們無法忽略每條電訊號傳輸線之間的串擾效應，如何降低串擾成為一重要課題。有學者提出將表面電漿極化子波導的場強度集中特性應用於降低串擾上，透過設計特殊的次波長週期性結構可使金屬波導在微波波段下表現出類似表面電漿的現象，此種設計又稱為仿表面電漿極化子 (Spoof Surface Plasmon Polariton, SSPP) 波導；以仿表面電漿極化子波導作為新型抗串擾波導之研究在近幾年也被發表，但都僅止於以不同結構和微帶線進行比較，無更進一步的改良與討論。本研究首次引入了奇偶模態分析來計算兩相鄰的SSPP波導之間的耦合係數，並藉此優化SSPP波導的結構參數，研究成果相較於已發表的文獻，在頻率為4.5 GHz時串擾降低了35.34 dB，在10 GHz時降低了33.13 dB，超過三個數量級，同時能量穿透之3-dB頻寬可達25.7 GHz，最後以製程容忍度分析來預測製造誤差對波導的表現影響，結果為當誤差為±0.2 mm，在4.5 GHz時，串擾仍然在-40 dB以下，10 GHz時則為-35 dB以下，且在0至10 GHz內的串擾皆低於-30 dB，由此可知本研究所改良的波導性能十分良好，有非常大的應用價值，期望此波導未來在高速數位系統上可普遍被採用。

關鍵字

表面電漿波導；微波；超穎材料；串擾；最佳化

並列摘要

Nowadays, the digital data rate of a single electrical signal transmission line on the printed circuit board (PCB) is as high as hundreds of Mb/s and even several Gb/s. To achieve hundreds of Gb/s or up to Tb/s in total, the density of transmission lines on the PCB is very high, which means we can no longer ignore the crosstalk between adjacent transmission lines. Some researchers proposed to apply the properties of surface plasmon polaritons (SPP), the highly concentrated field distribution, on crosstalk reduction. With specially designed subwavelength periodic structures, metal waveguides can behave like SPP in microwave frequencies, which are called spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) waveguides. Studies focusing on crosstalk-reduction waveguides based on SSPP waveguides have been published these years. However, they merely compared different kinds of SSPP structures with microstrip lines, but there is no further discussion and optimization. In this research, we first calculate the coupling coefficient of two adjacent SSPP waveguides and optimize the design parameters by even-odd modes analysis. Compared to published papers, the crosstalk has been reduced by 35.34 dB at frequency of 4.5 GHz, and reduced by 33.13 dB at 10 GHz, more than three orders of magnitude, while its 3-dB bandwidth for transmission is 25.7 GHz. At last, the fabrication tolerance is analyzed to predict the effect of manufacture error on the performance of this waveguide. It shows that when the error is ±0.2 mm, the crosstalk is still below -30 dB from 0 to 10 GHz, particularly below -40 dB at 4.5 GHz, and -35 dB at 10 GHz. In conclusion, the SSPP waveguides optimized in this research performs significantly well on crosstalk reduction, and they are of great value for applications. Hope to see such waveguides to be applied on high-speed digital systems universally.

並列關鍵字

SPP waveguide ； microwave ； metamaterial ； crosstalk ； optimization

參考文獻

[1] X. Gao, L. Zhou, Z. Liao, H. F. Ma, and T. J. Cui, “An Ultra-Wideband Surface Plasmonic Filter in Microwave Frequency,” Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 104, 191603, 2014.

[2] X. N. Ye, and Intel Corp., “Inteintional and Un-Intentional Far End Crosstalk Cancellation in High Speed Differential Link,” IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility(EMC), 2011.

[3] K. H. Lee, H. K. Jung, H. J. Chi, H. J. Kwon, J. Y. Sim, and H. J. Park, “Serpentine Microstrip Lines with Zero Far-End Crosstalk for Parallel High-Speed DRAM Interface,” IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging, Vol. 33, No. 2, 2010.

[4] G. Veronis, and S. Fan, “Guided Subwavelength Plasmonic Mode Supported by a Slot in a Thin Metal Film,” Optics Letters, Vol. 30, pp. 3359-3361, 2005.

[5] Z. Liao, J. Zhao, B. C. Pan, X. P. Shen, T. J. Cui, “Broadband Transmission Between Microstripline and Conformal Surface Plasmon Waveguide,” Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 47, 315103, 2014.

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仿表面電漿子波導之降低串擾最佳化

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