無濃度感測器之直接液態燃料電池燃料供應控制方法

Fuel sensor-less control of a liquid feed fuel cell system

章俊隆(Chun-Lung Chang)

指導教授 ： 宋家驥

國立臺灣大學/工學院/工程科學及海洋工程學研究所/博士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2009.10109

摘要

本論文提供一系列可應用於各種不同負載情況下，無濃度感測器燃料電池之燃料供應控制方法，提供給直接使用液態燃料之燃料電池系統使用，本系列方法係利用燃料電池於運轉過程中，藉由量測燃料電池之特徵值(如溫度、電壓、電流、功率)變化趨勢，來調節燃料濃度並控制燃料的供應。本文提出一個負載電流積分科技，其具有兩種不同的應用層面，其可用以計算每一監控週期內的燃料注射量，搭配燃料濃度調節程序來控制燃料的供應，使燃料電池能穩定運轉。經由系統化設計之實驗證實，本系列控制方法可以有效、穩定地控制燃料電池燃料之供應，使系統在較佳的燃料濃度條件下操作，有較快的系統反應時間，並且不受操作溫度範圍限制，即使在 MEA 老化的情況下系統依然可以穩定運作。
無濃度感測器燃料電池之燃料供應控制方法的主要特徵與優點如下: 當濃度感測器被去除，燃料電池之生產成本可以有效降低，發電系統之體積與重量可以降低，進而可使系統有較高的功率密度與能量密度，可以有較高的燃料效率，並具較短的系統反應時間，系統設計簡單化，量測資料即不需要作溫度補償修正。藉由省略液態燃料濃度感測器之使用，降低系統的複雜度，進而提高系統耐久性與可靠度。

關鍵字

直接液態燃料電池 ； 無濃度感測器之燃料電池燃料供應控制方法 ； 甲醇濃度 ； 直接甲醇燃料電池 ； 甲醇穿越

並列摘要

This thesis presents a series of novel fuel sensor-less control schemes for a liquid feed fuel cell system that operate under various loading conditions and are suitable for portable power sources. The proposed techniques utilize the operating characteristics of a fuel cell, such as temperature, voltage, current and power to control the supply of fuel and regulate its concentration. A current integral technique with two different approaches has been developed for calculating the fuel quantity required at each monitoring cycle, which can be applied with the concentration regulating process to control the fuel supply for stable operation. As verified by systematic experiments, these schemes can control effectively and stably the supply of fuel with greatly reduced response time even when the MEA deteriorates gradually.
The primary features and advantages of fuel sensor-less control scheme are as follows. When the fuel concentration sensor is excluded, the cost of a liquid feed fuel cell system is decreased and system volume as well as weight is reduced, thereby increasing specific energy density and design simplicity, and shortening system response time. Notably, temperature-compensation for measurement data is unnecessary. With a decreased number of components, this technology improves durability and reliability of a liquid feed fuel cell. That will help commercialization of liquid feed fuel cells and thus more adapt to portable and automotive power units like camcorder, PDA, laptops, E-Bikes and handicap cars.

並列關鍵字

Liquid feed fuel cell ； Fuel sensor-less control scheme ； Methanol concentration ； Direct methanol fuel cell ； Methanol crossover

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