黏性阻尼器應用於建築結構之最佳化配置方法

Optimal Placement Methods of Viscous Dampers for Building Structures

黃靖芳(Ching-Fang Huang)

指導教授 ： 呂良正

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201702743

摘要

近年來，黏性阻尼器(Viscous Damper)被廣泛應用於建築結構作為被動消能裝置，然而在現行的規範當中，對於阻尼器配置方法並無具體的建議與規定。儘管在阻尼配置的議題上有許多最佳化方法陸續被提出，但多數方法所夾帶的繁瑣計算，使得實務工程採用的意願較低。因此，在本研究中，主要目的為找尋設計流程簡易且兼具抗震效益之阻尼配置方法。
本研究透過整理現有阻尼配置方法，將配置方法分為兩種類型：簡易分配法以及迭代分配法，並藉由現有方法之延伸討論，提出四種新的分配法，包含一種簡易分配法以及三種迭代分配法。在配置方法分類中，迭代分配法為需要地震歷時分析以取得最佳化配置之方法，因此在本文中設定兩種設計地震歷時，分別為單筆與多筆地震歷時，並應用於迭代分配法之設計流程。另外，將新提出的迭代分配法應用於多元最佳化目標，以討論分配法對於不同最佳化目標之適用性。
將所有分配法應用於四種剪力構架中，以多筆真實地震歷時及人工合成地震歷時進行檢核，並且將性能指標表示為與均勻配置之反應折減指標。透過設計結果與檢核結果的討論，可以將整發現不經過設計的簡易分配法在檢核中有穩定的折減效果，而針對迭代分配法的討論中，以多筆地震歷時設計之迭代分配法的配置結果相比以單筆者有更優良的檢核結果，另外迭代分配法在人工合成地震歷時檢核相較於真實地震歷時所得到的反應折減更加明顯。在不同最佳化目標之分配法的檢核中，針對不同最佳化目標有不同的檢核結果，但由於多數分配法受限於單筆地震歷時設計，其檢核結果與單筆地震歷時設計之迭代分配法相同，反應折減效果皆不如預期。

關鍵字

黏性阻尼器 ； 阻尼最佳化配置 ； 剪力構架

並列摘要

Nowadays, viscous dampers are widely used in many building structures as passive energy dissipation devices. However, the issue of viscous damper placement is less mentioned in existing codes. Although many optimal damper placement methods have been proposed, most of them have difficulties in being applied to practical engineering problems due to complicated procedure and computational complexity. Therefore, we primarily focus on finding the optimal placement methods which are efficient in design procedure and energy dissipation under ground motions.
In this study, all existing placement methods are divided into two groups, “Simple Distribution Methods” and “Iterative Distribution Methods”. In addition, four placement methods are proposed, including one of simple distribution methods and three of iterative distribution methods. In the group of “Iterative Distribution Methods”, two conditions for design time history are concerned in the design process: single design time history and multiple design time history. Furthermore, new placement methods are applied in different objectives and come up for discussion in applicability of methods.
Different kinds of optimal placement methods are applied to four shear type buildings. The distribution results are examined by real ground motion records and spectrum-compatible time histories. The reduction of seismic response from uniform distribution is chosen as the performance index. Based on the results of examination in the study, there are some conclusions which could be drawn as follow: 1. Simple distribution methods present a stable performance. 2. In iterative distribution methods, the performance indices show that the distribution from multiple design history is better than which from single design history. 3. Most methods with good performance in design process (especially for single design history) are found with unstable result in examination, and this phenomenon can also be verified by the discussion in optimal placement methods with different objectives.

並列關鍵字

viscous damper ； optimal placement of dampers ； shear type buildings

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