應用於個人化大數據運算的代碼/物件卸載執行系統框架

智慧行動裝置以及無線網路正在改變人們執行應用及存取資訊的方式。因此，越來越多人依賴著社群網站並透過在線交易來進行商務，個人資料也因此到處散佈在互連網上。然而，許多人對隱私資料的問題很敏感，希望確實掌控個人資料，猶如對待個人資產。同時，人們公開或私下所分享及交換的個人資料，隨著網路發達而加速累積，大到移動裝置容納不下。這是現有行動應用及公有雲服務所無法解決的問題。即使近年來軟硬體的科技有顯著成長，卻由於行動裝置本身對運算資源、資料儲存、網路頻寬及電池容量的缺乏而無法如桌上電腦或伺服器般高效能處理大量資料。雖然此類應用能夠重新改寫成客戶-伺服器(client-server) 模式以從雲端服務得到效益，但用戶就不能再控管這些應用，對資料安全及隱私是很嚴重的考量。為了保護資料，我們提出了Virtual Phone as a Service(VPaaS) 框架讓使用者得以佈置及執行虛擬環境中的應用程式。它除了工作卸載之外，還能增強運行性能及隔離使用環境，現有Android 的程式不用修改就可以加速執行。接著，我們提出應用程式自動卸載方法，稱為 MobileFBP，它根據剖析資訊及網路資料動態安排複雜的按需工作。一個典型的Android 應用程式，利用剖析工具的輔助，可以逐步細化為多個小組件及資料流來互相連結成工作流。針對上述問題，本論文研究如何讓效能較弱的行動裝置同時獲得效能增益、節能、隔離的運作以及普及的卸載執行。為此，我們開發了一套框架，叫做COzone，能夠讓用戶在個人化的虛擬環境去卸載及執行個人化大資料運算，利用docker 容器佈置在雲端或局域端代理器上。讓每個用戶根據安全需求把他們重要的個人資料安全的存放在儲存雲中，並且在與外界隔離的容器內處理他們的個人資料，而非必然到傳遞資料到公有雲上而增加了資料外流的風險。我們在原型框架上進行個人化資料分析應用的案例研究，以實驗證明利用物件卸載執行技術能夠有效增強那種弱裝置的運算能力以及同時節省電池能源。從案例中，我們也呈現框架的易用性，只需要些許的代碼就可以很容易來切割應用，並且能快速的擁有卸載執行能力。

關鍵字

普及運算；流導向程式設計； Android ；大資料運算；行動雲端運算；物件卸載執行；異質運算

並列摘要

Smart mobile device and wireless networks are reshaping the way people execute applications and access to information. Thus, more and more people rely on social networks and on-line transaction services. As a result, personal data are spreading everywhere in the Internet. However, many users are sensitive to privacy issues and would like their personal data to be handled like personal assets. At the same time, people also share and exchange personal data privately. It is a dilemma that none of the existing mobile applications and public cloud services can resolve. Even though there is a significant progress of hardware and software technologies in recent year, many mobile applications do not perform well due to the shortage of resources for computation, data storage, network bandwidth, and battery capacity. While such applications can be re-designed with clientserver models to benefit from cloud services, the users are no longer in full control of the application, which has become a serious concern for data security and privacy. To protect the personal data, we propose Virtual Phone as a Service(VPaaS) framework to allow the user to control the deployment and execution of applications in the virtual environment. In addition to offloading workload from a physical environment, the virtual environment presents opportunities to enhance the functionalities of the execution environment in the perspective of performance speedup and isolation of the user-managed environment. Existing Android applications can be efficiently accelerated by the framework without any modification during the whole process. We further propose an automatic application offloading scheme, called MobileFBP, which dynamically takes advantage of the personal application clouds to handle sophisticated workload on-demand based on the profiling information and network metrics. MobileFBP enables the programmers in developing dataflow applications that can be executed in mobile-cloud environments. A typical Android application written in Java can be easily converted to FBP as one large task component initially and further broken down into multiple components by declaring the components and expressing the data flow between the components with the assistance from performance profiling tools. Finally, we have developed a framework, COzone, which integrates the above technologies with open source packages to prove the concept of adaptive object offloading and showcase multiple offloading modes. The user can use a weak device to offload and execute personal big-data applications in a personal virtualized environment with the docker container to have personal data processed safely and privately. Depending on the security requirement, the framework is a viable way to avoid the security concerns of exposing private data to public cloud services. We have conducted a case study with three personal data analytics applications to show that object offloading could effectively augment the computing power on behalf of a weak device and save its battery energy as well. The case studies also illustrate how easy it is to augment the application with our API to enable the object offloading capability in the COzone framework.

並列關鍵字

Pervasive computing ； Flow-based programming ； Android ； Big-data computing ； Mobile cloud computing ； Object offloading ； Heterogeneous system

參考文獻

[1] MIT Tech Review, Big Data Gets Personal

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Systems, pages 8–8. USENIX Association, 2009.

cloudlets in mobile computing. Pervasive Computing, IEEE, 8(4):14 –23, oct.-dec.

Ranveer Chandra, and Paramvir Bahl. MAUI: Making smartphones last longer with

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應用於個人化大數據運算的代碼/物件卸載執行系統框架

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