特徵參數對機車碟煞異音問題影響之探討

A characteristic parameters study on disc brake squeal of motorcycle

黃邦豪(Pang-Hao Huang)

指導教授 ： 王昭男

國立臺灣大學/工學院/工程科學及海洋工程學研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2011.00696

摘要

煞車異音問題的發展已經有數十年之久，直到近年來由於人們對生活品質的要求，才漸漸的受到重視。本論文主要探討的目的在於了解煞車系統的特徵參數對於煞車系統運動穩定度的影響，利用煞車系統運動所產生的不穩定振動，來預測煞車異音的生成 。利用有限元素法建立煞車系統的運動方程式，在煞車碟盤與摩擦墊片的接觸面間建立接觸耦合勁度矩陣，來模擬接觸面間的力學行為。用複數特徵值法求解煞車系統的運動方程式，對於求解出的複數特徵值，引進一個不穩定指標，用來判斷此模態產生煞車異音的可能性。接著用有限元素分析軟體對煞車模型進行模態分析，變換不同的壓力、材料參數、元件幾何等特徵參數，來觀察個別的特徵參數對於煞車系統是否容易生成異音，其中以改變摩擦墊片的相關參數的效果較為顯著。最後選擇改善較好的多個特徵參數來作分析，發現對煞車系統的異音問題還是有改善的效果。

關鍵字

煞車異音 ； 特徵參數 ； 有限元素法 ； 複數特徵值法 ； 模態分析

並列摘要

The issue of brake squeal has been developed for decades. Not until recent years, because of requirements for life quality of people, did it gradually be taken seriously. The purpose of the study is to understand the impact of the characteristic parameters of the brake system on the stability of the brake system motion, which used the unstable vibration generated by the brake system motion to predict the generation of brake squeal. Motion equation of brake system was derived by finite element method, and contact couple stiffness matrix was made between the brake disc and friction pad, in order to simulate the mechanical behavior on contact surfaces. Motion equations of the brake system were solved by complex eigenvalue method. For complex eigenvalue solved, instability index was introduced to determine whether the brake squeal will happen in the mode. Finite element analysis software was used to do modal analysis for the disc brake model. Characteristic parameters such as pressures, material parameters and component geometry were alternated, in order to be observed whether individual characteristic parameters are easy for the brake system to generate squeal. Among the parameters, the effect is more significant for parameters related to friction pads. Finally, multiple characteristic parameters better for improvement were chosen to do analysis. It found that there is still an improve effect on the problem of brake system squeal.

並列關鍵字

Brake squeal ； Characteristic parameters ； Finite element method ； Complex eigenvalue method ； Modal analysis

參考文獻

[1] N. M. Kinkaid, O. M. O’Reilly, P. Papadopoulos, “Review: Automotive disc brake squeal”, Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol. 267, pp. 105-166, 2003.

[3] F. Morgan, M. Musjat, D. W. Reed, “Friction phenomena and the stick-slip process”, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 12(10), pp.743-752, 1941.

[4] H. R. Mills, “Break squeak”, Technical Report 9000B, Institution of Automobile Engineers, 1938.

[8] P. Basford, S. Twiss, “Properties of friction materials. I-experiments on variables affecting noise”, Transactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 80, pp.402-406, 1958.

[12] S.W.E. Earles, “A mechanism of disc-brake squeal”, Technical Report 770181, SAE, Warrendale, PA, 1977.