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  • 學位論文

模態識別與有限元素模型更新

Modal identification and Finite element model updating

指導教授 : 洪振發

摘要


本研究重點在利用系統識別方法中的ARX模型(Auto-Regressive eXogeneous model),針對高速鐵路之高架橋軌道系統振動試驗資料,進行結構動態系統特性識別,以識別結果為依據,針對結構有限元素分析結果進行比較,修正有限元素模型,使得分析與識別結果差異最小,以降低有限元素分析模型的未確定性。 將施加在結構系統的入力歷時資料(輸入)及位移或加速度歷時資料(輸出),利用ARX數學模型以最小平方法計算系統參數,在時間域資料上進行動態系統特性識別,取得該系統結構物的自然頻率、阻尼比以及模態振型。首先以有限元素軟體對懸臂版模型先進行模態分析,再進行暫態分析,以模擬入力與輸出結構反應時域資料進行模態識別,比較兩者之結果,驗證使用ARX數學模型進行識別的可行性,與使用條件。 為掌握高速鐵路之高架橋軌道系統的動態特性,對一簡支高架橋樑結構物進行敲擊試驗,並將試驗過程量測的入力與加速度資料進行模態識別,分別識別橋樑、道版和鋼軌的自然頻率、阻尼比以及模態振型,再與有限元素模態分析的自然頻率與模態振型比較,透過調整材料參數的方式對有限元素模型進行更新,使得自然頻率達到分析與識別差異最小的目的。

並列摘要


This research focues on the modal identification of high speed rail structures by ARX model using the vibration test data. By that way, the identified dynamics characteristics of structure were used as reference basis for the updating of the finite element method , in order to reduce the model uncertainties of analysis model. The parameters of a dynamic system are calculated by least squares method in ARX model using the time-history data, including the external forces (input) and the displacements or acceleration (output) .The nature frequencies, damping ratios and the mode shapes of structure system can be identified. To verify the feasibility of ARX method, the dynamics characteristics of a cantileaver plate model were identified using the input/output data created by numerical simulation. To grasp the dynamics characters of high speed rail system, the impact model testing was conducted. The dynamic characteristics of rail, truck, and viaduct structures where identified by using the experimental data To reduce the model uncertainties, the equivalent material parameters of finite element model was adjusted to archieve the minimum difference between the identified and the calculated natural frequencies.

參考文獻


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[16] 施建良, 小型鋼構架之結構健康檢測 , 碩士論文, 國立台北科技大學土木與防災研究所, 臺北市, 2009。
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被引用紀錄


余家權(2015)。土層沉陷對路堤軌道系統振動特性影響〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2015.01977

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