陣列天線環狀波束掃描暨保全偵測系統設計

Design of Phased Array Antenna System for Circularly Beam Scan and Security Detection Applications

吳冠廷(Kuan-Ting Wu)

指導教授 ： 周錫增

國立臺灣大學/電機資訊學院/電信工程學研究所/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201802855

摘要

本研究設計一可置於定點或車載、實現水平方位全向掃描，操作於3.3-GHz 且具有16個子陣列的環狀陣列偵測系統。每個子陣列由四組平衡式偶極天線、微帶傳輸線、一分四路威爾金森功率分配器和一鋁製反射板所構成。完成機構設計、實作及組裝後經量測驗證，環狀陣列之相位補償增益達16.3 dB。此系統之波束切換控制模組用於同時激發陣列圓周上相鄰四個天線單元，逐序並循環饋入完成360 度水平掃描。電路中採用FR4 基板，以嵌入式共平面波導之傳輸線連接數個SPDT、SP4T、SP8T 切換器晶片RF 腳位，數位腳位則經佈線繞至電路板邊後以排針接出，在由微控制器模組做狀態切換。結合180 度分合波器與環型分合波器形成的被動式全雙工電路，達成發射、接收端32 dB的隔離度，亦提供了數位式單脈衝處理所需的兩道接收路徑。用於實現電子式波束轉向的相移控制模組，已於中心頻率3.3 GHz 驗證過其每個通道、所有位元狀態之相移量；負責處理收發訊號的軟體定無線電模組，經由數次收發測試，驗證了此模組以程式控制收發波型的能力。

關鍵字

陣列天線 ； 反射式線天線 ； 環狀陣列 ； 波束掃描系統

並列摘要

This paper presents the design of a 3.3-GHz omnidirectional phased array antenna system with 16 subarrays for circularly beam scanning, which is suitable for fixed point or on-vehicle detection applications. Each subarray consists of four balanced reflector dipoles, microstrip transmission lines, and a four-way Wilkinson power divider. After the implementation of subarray antennas and 3-D printing mechanical assemblies, the circular array phase-compensated gain is 16.3-dB. The beam-switching control module of this array system feeds four contiguous subarray each time in a sequential manner. This module consists of FR4 substrate, SPDT, SP4T, SP8T switch chips that connected via coplanar waveguides. The digital pins of various chips are connected to PCB header connectors near the edge of the board, and the digital signal controller gives them either high or low voltage corresponding to the operation states. A passive full duplex circuit which exploiting 180-degree hybrids and ring hybrid couplers achieves 32-dB isolation between transmitter and receiver, and provides signal paths for digital monopulse processing. The measurement of the phase-shift control module shows desired result of all 64-bit states for eight channels. This module gives the finer beam-stirring angular increment. The verification of software-defined radio transceiver module shows it ability to take control of the waveforms by selecting appropriate RF system parameters.

並列關鍵字

Array Antenna ； Reflector antenna ； Circular array ； Beam-Scanning System

參考文獻

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