電動汽車50 kW內藏永磁式同步馬達之設計與開發

Design and Development of 50 kW Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Electric Vehicles

詹勛豪(Hsun-Hao Jan)

指導教授 ： 陽毅平

國立臺灣大學/工學院/機械工程學研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2008.00536

摘要

本研究目的為設計一個適用於中華汽車電動車Colt Plus EV之50 kW推進馬達。根據電動車輛的動力需求，訂出馬達在不同轉速下所需規格，依此規格挑選適合的馬達形式、繞線方式以及齒極比。本文提出一套完整的內藏永磁式同步馬達設計流程，首先由磁路觀點與馬達設計方程式建立內藏永磁式同步馬達的二維磁路模型，結合多目標函數最佳化設計軟體，藉由調整特定的馬達尺寸參數，同時對馬達輸出力矩、力矩漣波、重量以及效率進行最佳化設計。其次，利用有限元素分析軟體驗證二維磁路模型的最佳化結果，並進一步修正馬達轉子結構以提升內藏永磁式馬達的磁阻力矩輸出。在不同的操作轉速下，採用馬達繞組串並聯切換來滿足低速與高速的動力需求，並使用激磁相位超前角達到弱磁控制的效果，其定功率操作使馬達的轉速範圍再一次得到延伸。本文中亦針對馬達力矩漣波降低進行討論。最後，計算不同行車狀況的馬達發熱量，設計一個水冷散熱系統，使馬達操作溫度到達穩態時可在安全操作範圍內。

關鍵字

電動車 ； 內藏永磁式 ； 馬達設計

並列摘要

In this thesis, an attempt is made to design a 50 kW traction motor which is used for propelling the electric vehicle (Colt Plus EV) of the China Motor Corporation (CMC). On the basis of the dynamic demand for driving the EV, we can decide the traction motor specifications for different rotational speeds. A preliminary design determined the motor type, winding type, and the number of slots and poles. Afterward, the following design process is proposed. First, a 2-D magnetic circuit model for Interior Permanent Magnet (IPM) motors is constructed by using the motor design equations. By combining the model with the Multifunction Optimization System Tool (MOST), the values of the design variables satisfying the optimal value of the output torque, torque ripple, weight, and efficiency are obtained. Second, the design results of the 2-D model are verified by using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) design tools. By changing the rotor geometry, the reluctance torque of the IPM motor can be improved. In order to increase the speed range of the designed motor, an electronic gearshift is employed. Besides, the field-weakening control that is implemented by leading the input current phase further increases the motor speed. Finally, with the aid of the result of thermal analysis and by employing the cooling system design, the motor is operated in the safe temperature region.

並列關鍵字

Electric vehicles ； IPM ； Motor design

參考文獻

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