微小高速氣渦輪轉軸動平衡檢測機之設計開發與特性研究

Research and Development of A Dynamic Balancing Measurement System for Miniature High-speed Turbine Rotor

查宇杰(Yu-Jie Cha)

指導教授 ： 黃光裕

國立臺灣大學/工學院/機械工程學研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2008.00579

摘要

本篇論文針對牙醫手持鑽機之葉輪動不平衡量測，開發微小型高速氣渦輪轉軸用動平衡檢測機，其中包括理論分析、機構設計、機台校正以及實際量測。依據葉輪外形，設計開發出系統之功能與實體架構。為了驗證功能和性能，轉軸支撐夾持與定位、不平衡量測、轉軸驅動及轉角轉速量測等子系統都經過實驗測試。透過支撐系統振動動態理論，由支撐系統測得之振動訊號可以推導出轉軸不平衡向量。藉由支撐系統之共振行為的最佳化，可以提昇不平衡的量測解析。傅立葉轉換或波形疊合法用於濾除不可避免之干擾振動以獲得待測轉軸之不平衡向量，並探討分析量測誤差之影響因素。最後透過實際測試結果之分析，歸納出量測精確之影響因素，以及提出改善策略方案。

關鍵字

牙醫手持鑽機 ； 動平衡 ； 不平衡量測 ； 簧片共振 ； 快速傅立葉展開 ； 波形疊合

並列摘要

The aim of this thesis is to design and develop a dynamic balancing measurement machine for high-speed turbines of dental headpieces. Its task contains theoretical analyses、machine design、calibration and practical measurements. The functional and the embodiment layout of the measurement machine is designed and developed according to the geometric form of turbines. To verify their functions and performances, a series of testing experiments are carried out for all subsystems such as the suspension system, the driving system, the unbalance measurement system, the rotating angle and speed measurement system. Based on the dynamic theory, the relationship between the unbalancing vector of a turbine and the vibration signal derived from the unbalance measurement system is deduced. Through optimizing the resonant behavior of the suspension system, the measuring resolution of unbalance can be improved. The FFT and the waveform superposition method are used to filter the interference vibrations to obtain the real unbalancing vector of the turbine and to analyze the influential parameters of the measuring error. Finally based on analysis on experimental testing, the influential factors of measurement accuracy are induced and the corresponding improvement strategies are also proposed.

並列關鍵字

dental headpiece ； dynamic balancing ； unbalance measurement ； spring resonance ； FFT ； wave-form superposition method

參考文獻

Rigid Rotors.

[1] Ehrich, F. F., Handbook of rotordynamics, McGraw-Hill,

New York, 1989.

[2] Darlow, M. S., Balancing of high-speed machinery, Spring-Verlag,

New York, 1989.