第一部分：葉下珠根部化學成分之研究；第二部分：衍自葉下珠抗病毒木脂素之研究；第三部分：以高效液相層析－固相萃取－核磁共振儀分析麻德拉斯葉下珠之化學成分

Part I: Study on the Chemical Constituents from the Root of Phyllanthus urinaria L.; Part II: Study on the Antiviral Lignans Derived from Phyllanthus plants; Part III: Analysis of Chemical Constituents from Phyllanthus maderaspatensis L. by LC-SPE-NMR

張嘉銓(Chia-Chuan Chang)

指導教授 ： 李水盛

國立臺灣大學/醫學院/藥學研究所/博士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2004.00529

摘要

第一部分　葉下珠根部化學成份研究
葉下珠(Phyllanthus urinaria L.)為大戟科(Euphorbiaceae)草本植物，廣泛分佈於全世界之熱帶及亞熱帶地區，長久以來做為治療糖尿病、肝炎、黃疸及腎炎水腫的傳統用藥。在化學成分研究方面，已自其地上部分分離出十三個極性類似之木脂素。對其根部粗抽提物之初步分析，亦發現含有十個以上之木脂素。為充實木脂素化學資料庫及尋找其他活性成分，本研究著手探討根部之化學成分。
葉下珠根部之酒精抽提物，以氯仿：甲醇：水(2:2:1)的上層與下層進行極性分割。下層可溶部份再劃分為正己烷可溶及氯仿可溶兩部分，此兩部分經由矽膠管柱層析及Sephadex LH-20的分離與純化及核磁共振圖譜解析與文獻比對，共分離鑑定出十四個化合物。分別為十二個木脂素：phyllanthin (1), niranthin (2), phyltetralin (4), hypophyllanthin (5), nirtetralin (6), urinatetralin (7), lintetralin (8), isolintetralin (9), heliobuphthalmin lactone (10), dextrobursehernin (11), urinaligran (12), virgatusin (13)，一個類固醇混合物β-sitosterol/stigmasterol (19)及一個三萜類化合物friedelin (20)。化合物1-2, 4-13, 19及20之結構由光譜分析得到確認。
此結果確認葉下珠莖部及根部含有十二個相同之木脂素成分1-2及4-13。

第二部分　衍自葉下珠抗病毒木脂素之研究
反轉錄酶(RT)是人類免疫不全病毒(HIV)進行複製所必需的一種酶類，亦為治療愛滋病藥物之主要標的之一。文獻報導分離自鍚蘭葉下珠中之木脂素成分phyllamyricin B及retrojusticidin B具有高選擇性抑制此酶類的活性。據此，本研究合成一系列phyllamyricin B及retrojusticidin B的類似物並評估其抗反轉錄酶之活性。
以葉下珠的主要木脂素phyllanthin (1)為起始物，合成出十個retrojusticidin B以及phyllamyricin B的類似物(14, 15, 16a-c, 17a-c, 18及28)。主要反應包括氧化合環反應 (DDQ)、氧化、全去氧上甲基以及O,O-亞甲基化等反應。抗HIV-1 RT藥理測試結果顯示全去氧上甲基反應產物16c具有較強的抑制HIV-1 RT活性的能力(IC50為33 uM)。
活性測試結果顯示9,9'-

關鍵字

液相層析－固相萃取－核磁共振儀 ； 木脂素 ； 麻德拉斯葉下珠 ； 抗病毒活性 ； 半合成 ； 葉下珠

並列摘要

I. Study on the Chemical Constituent from the Root of Phyllanthus urinaria L.
Phyllanthus urinaria L., a Euphorbiaceae herbal plant widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas in the world, has long been used in the folk medicine to treat diabetes, hepatitis, and dropsy. In the respect of chemical constituents studies, thirteen lignans with similar polarity had been isolated from the aerial part. A preliminary study also indicated at least ten lignans were contained in root part. To amplify the lignan chemical bank and search for other bioactive compounds, chemical constituents in the root part were explored.
The ethanolic extract of root part was partitioned between lower layer and upper layer of the solvent system CHCl3-MeOH-H2O (2:2:1). The lower-layer soluble fraction was further divided into hexane and chloroform soluble fractions. Further separations of these two fractions by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column yield fourteen compounds. They were characterized as twelve lignans: phyllanthin (1), niranthin (2), phyltetralin (4), hypophyllanthin (5), nirtetralin (6), urinatetralin (7), lintetralin (8), isolintetralin (9), heliobuphthalmin lactone (10), dextrobursehernin (11), urinaligran (12), virgatusin (13), a steroid mixture

並列關鍵字

Phyllanthus maderaspatensis ； Antiviral activity ； LC-SPE-NMR ； Lignans ； Semisynthesis ； Phyllanthus urinaria

參考文獻

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