中庸與情緒調節對個人與人際適應之影響：對偶分析觀點

The Effects of Zhong-Yong and Emotion Regulation on Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Adjustments: A Dyadic Perspective

范雅媛(Ya-Yuan Fan)

指導教授 ： 張仁和

共同指導教授 ： 吳宗祐(Tsung-Yu Wu)

國立臺灣大學/理學院/心理學研究所/碩士(2017年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201701532

摘要

中庸為華人重要的正向心理構念，相關研究也顯示中庸能促進個體心理適應，但較少從內部機制的角度切入。此外，過去研究也發現，中庸與人際互動的情境有密切的關聯，但尚未有研究探討中庸在人際層次中的影響。因此，本研究以對偶設計切入友誼關係中，提出認知再評估與回應性，分別以個人層次和人際層次，探討中庸與心理適應之機制和歷程。在個人層次方面，假設個體的中庸思維會透過其使用認知再評估，進而促進其心理適應；在人際層次方面分為兩部分，首先，假設個體的中庸思維會透過其自身使用認知再評估，再透過其自身的提供回應性，進而提升其自身的知覺回應性，最後促進自身的友誼滿意度；第二部分，則假設個體的中庸思維會透過其使用認知再評估，再透過自身的提供回應性，進而提升朋友的知覺回應性，最後促進朋友的心理適應。本研究共招募100對相同性別之朋友（共200位研究參與者），結果發現在個人層次上，認知再評估為中庸思維與正向情緒、負向情緒、和安適幸福感之中介變項。在人際層次的第一部分，認知再評估與回應性可作為個體中庸思維與其自身友誼滿意度的中介變項；在人際層次的第二部分，認知再評估與回應性為個體中庸思維與朋友正向情緒、安適幸福感與友誼滿意度的中介變項，上述中介路徑效果在控制和善性、外向性、相依我與壓抑之後依舊穩定。結論針對中庸理論進行延伸，以及探討未來可能研究方向。

關鍵字

中庸 ； 認知再評估 ； 情緒調節 ； 回應性 ； 心理適應

並列摘要

Zhong-Yong is an important positive psychological construct in Chinese culture, and the relationship between Zhong-Yong and well-being has been demonstrated to a great extent in prior studies. However, the underlying psychological mechanism relating Zhong-Yong to well-being is not fully understood. Moreover, the core element of Zhong-Yong is highly refer to interpersonal contexts, but few study investigate the impact of Zhong-Yong on interpersonal adjustments. Therefore, the present study proposes cognitive reappraisal and responsiveness, as the key mechanisms that account for the relationship between Zhong-Yong and psychological adjustments in both intrapersonal and interpersonal levels. Regarding intrapersonal processes, the relationship between Zhong-Yong and cognitive reappraisal. Regarding interpersonal processes in dyadic design, the relationship between actor’s Zhong-Yong and actor’s friendship satisfaction would be mediated by actor’s cognitive reappraisal, actor’s responsiveness to partner, and actor’s perceived responsiveness. On the other hand, the relationship between actor’s Zhong-Yong on partner’s well-being and partner’s friendship satisfaction would be mediated by actor’s cognitive reappraisal, actor’s responsiveness to partner, and partner’s perceived responsiveness. 100 same-sex friend dyads were recruited. The results revealed that Zhong-Yong positively related with individual’s positive emotion and peace of mind, and negatively related with negative emotion, and then mediated by cognitive reappraisal. In addition, actor’s Zhong-Yong positively related with actor’s friendship satisfaction through actor’s cognitive reappraisal, actor’s responsiveness to partner, and actor’s perception of responsiveness. Finally, actor’s Zhong-Yong positively related partner’s positive emotion, peace of mind, and friendship satisfaction, through actor’s cognitive reappraisal, actor’s responsiveness to partner, and partner’s perceived responsiveness. The results remained after controlling individual’s agreeableness, extraversion, interdependent self, and suppression. Implications and limitations are discussed.

並列關鍵字

Zhong-Yong ； cognitive reappraisal ； emotion regulation ； responsiveness ； psychological adjustment

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