- 學位論文
童年社經地位與成年自評健康的關聯性
The Association between Socioeconomic Status in Childhood and Self-Rated Health in Adulthood
摘要
背景/目的：1980年的《布萊克報告（the Black Report）》揭露：社會階級對人們健康的重要影響。接著，D.J.P. Barker提出胎源說，將生命早期的影響與成年疾病相連起來。現今，我們已經了解到，童年社經地位對成年健康的重要性。本研究旨在以台灣調查資料，分析童年社經地位對成年自評健康的影響，建立本土生命歷程數據。 方法：本研究分析資料來自科技部補助計畫：「門牌地址抽樣調查研究」，研究對象共770位25-64歲成人。依變項為成年自評健康，分為健康、亞健康及不健康三組；自變項為童年社經地位，以父親及母親教育程度做為操作型變項。除了描述性分析及雙變項分析外，本研究依不同年齡群組，使用不同的教育程度分組方式進行分析，了解童年社經地位對健康之影響。並進一步以二元羅吉斯複迴歸分析，控制人口學特性及成年社經地位，檢驗童年社經地位與成年自評健康間的關係。 結果： 770位受訪者的自述健康狀況分布如下：健康者占34.0%；亞健康者占53.9%；不健康者占12.1%。雙變項分析結果顯示，童年社經地位越高，成年自評健康人口比例越高，自評不健康人口比例越低，但未達統計顯著（p>0.05）。依不同年齡群組分別進行分析，亦可觀察到童年社經地位較高者較健康，且也未達統計顯著（p>0.05）。此外，自己教育程度對成年健康呈現梯度遞增，達統計顯著（p<0.001）。 結論：本研究雖觀察到童年社經地位越高越健康之現象，但未達統計顯著，無法支持理論。推估可能受限於本研究資料及無法釐清「年代」及「父母親年齡」等原因，造成混淆效果。建議進一步運用其他資料再研究。
並列摘要
Background/Objective: In 1980, “The Black Report” had revealed that social gradient has a significant bearing on individuals’ health. Later, D.J.P. Barker’s hypothesized the relationship between life events in infancy and formation of diseases in adulthood. This study aims to examine the association between socioeconomic status in childhood and self-rated health in adulthood in Taiwan. Methods: The dataset used in this study comes from “Research on Address-Based Sampling Surveys”, which was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology. 770 respondents aged 25–64 years were enrolled. Self-rated health was divided into three groups: good, fair, and poor. Socioeconomic status in childhood was measured by both father’s and mother’s educational levels. With descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis, a stratified analysis was conducted using different educational attainment classifications in different age groups. Adjusted for demographic characteristics and adulthood socioeconomic factors, a multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between socioeconomic status in childhood and self-rated health in adulthood. Results: Of 770 respondents, 34.0% reported good health, 53.9% fair health and 12.1% poor health. Within parental education strata, there were positive association between social class and health status and negative association between social class and unhealthy status. However, these findings did not reach the statistical significance level (p>0.05). Additionally, respondents were healthier in higher childhood social class than in lower childhood social class. The trend was consistent in the stratified analysis but still not statistically significant (p>0.05). However, there was a significant correlation between individuals’ educational level and self-rated health (p<0.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study did not support the hypothesis that socioeconomic status in childhood is related to health in adulthood, which may be due to limitations including the cross-sectional study design and small sample size.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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