以LED可調控系統探討星辰花與龍膽組培苗之光環境

The Study of Light Environments for in vitro Growth of Limonium and Gentiana Using LED Light Control System

陳育菘(Yu-Song Chen)

指導教授 ： 陳世銘

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/生物產業機電工程學研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2008.10130

摘要

近年來種苗生產技術之進步，組織培養在種苗產業中應用極廣。組織培養光環境控制上，發光二極體( Light-Emitting Diode, LED )為一新興的栽培光源，其低熱產生、波長固定與低消耗功率等優點，於研究與產業應用上，相較日光燈管，提供了相當大的便利。本研究以(陳，2005) LED光環境控制系統與自行開發的LED可調控系統，設計不同的光環境，進行星辰花與龍膽組培苗光環境栽培，並以田口法-信號雜訊比( Taguchi method - Signal of Noise Ratio )結合主成份分析( Principal component analysis, PCA )，將所得相關性狀指標結合為一反映品質與變異的綜合指標，並透過田口主效應分析( Main effect analysis )與反應曲面法( Response surface method, RSM )，探討上述兩種組培苗的最適光環境條件。
星辰花組培苗出瓶品質分析共進行了兩次試驗(光質、光度；光質、光度、光週期)，其中第二次試驗亦進行光質、光積值的分析。星辰花組培苗經由不同光環境栽培後，其葉片葉綠素螢光反應、葉片形態參數與植株生長參數皆有顯著反應。綜合出瓶指標( 株高要高、葉片葉綠素含量要高、葉片面積要大、植株乾重要重 )最適光環境條件為，光質：藍光比例20 % ~ 30 % ( R/B = 4 ~ R/B = 7/3 )、光強度：120 μmol m-2 s-1、光週期：16 hr/day、光積值：6.62 mol m-2。
龍膽組培苗出瓶品質分析亦同星辰花出瓶品質分析，且多進行了特殊光質試驗與補充試驗(光質、光度、光週期)。龍膽組培苗經由不同光環境栽培後，其葉片葉綠素螢光反應、葉片形態參數與植株生長參數皆有顯著反應。綜合出瓶指標(一)( 葉片葉綠素含量要高、節間長要短、葉片面積要大、植株乾重要重 )最適光環境條件為，光質：藍光比例70 % ~ 80 % (R/B = 3/7 ~ R/B = 1/4)、光強度：120 μmol m-2 s-1、光週期方面：16 hr/day、光積值：6.69 mol m-2。而於補充試驗中，綜合出瓶指標(二)( 葉片葉綠素含量要高、健壯商數要小、葉片面積要大、植株乾重要重 )最適光環境條件為，光質：藍光比例65 % (R/B = 0.55)、光強度：122.5 μmol m-2 s-1、光週期方面：16 hr/day，與綜合出瓶指標(一)分析結果相近，顯示以節間長或健壯商數於龍膽組培苗綜合出瓶指標最適光環境分析，皆是合適的。
而龍膽組培苗藥性成份分析，其試驗設計同龍膽組培苗出瓶品質分析。龍膽組培苗經由不同光環境栽培後，其Gentiopicroside與Swertiamarin藥性成份總量(mg/株)皆有顯著反應。綜合藥性指標(一)( Gentiopicroside與Swertiamarin藥性成份總量(mg/株)皆要高)最適光環境條件為，光質：藍光比例50 % ~ 80 % (R/B = 1 ~ R/B = 1/4)、光強度：120 μmol m-2 s-1、光週期：20 hr/day、光積值：8.64 mol m-2。而綜合藥性指標(二)( Gentiopicroside與Swertiamarin藥性成份含量(%)皆要高 )最適光環境條件為，光質：藍光比例20 % (R/B = 4)、光強度：40 μmol m-2 s-1、光週期：4 hr/day、光積值：1.23 mol m-2。Gentiopicroside藥性成份總量的最適光環境條件為，光質：藍光比例50 % ~ 80 % (R/B = 1 ~ R/B = 1/4)、光強度：120 μmol m-2 s-1、光週期方面：20 hr/day、光積值：8.64 mol m-2。而Swertiamarin藥性成份總量最適光環境條件則為，光質：藍光比例50 % (R/B = 1/4)、光強度：120 μmol m-2 s-1、光週期方面：20 hr/day、光積值：7.36 mol m-2。
綜上所論，本研究以LED人工光源，並透過試驗設計最適化分析，已成功分析星辰花與龍膽組培苗出瓶品質及龍膽組培苗藥性成份最適光環境條件(光質、光度、光週期、光積值)，未來可進一步地利用所得最適光環境條件與LED人工光源，實際應用於組培苗光環境栽培，以提升星辰花與龍膽組培苗出瓶品質及龍膽組培苗藥性成份。

關鍵字

發光二極體 ； 組織培養 ； 龍膽 ； 星辰花 ； 田口法 ； 主成分分析 ； 反應曲面法

並列摘要

The development of seedlings production technology in recent years; tissue culture has been widely applied in seedlings industry. In the control of light environment of tissue culture, Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are new culture light. In comparision between fluorescent lamps and LEDs, LEDs have lower heat generation, specified wavelength and lower power consumption in research and seedlings industry. In the research, LED light environment control system (LECS) (Chen, 2005) and LED Light Control System developed in this study were designed for different light environment, and they were used to in vitro growth of Limonium, and Gentiana. Taguchi Method - signal of noise ratio combine with Principal Component Analysis (PCA), a set of property indexs were transformed into a comprehensive index that can reflect quality and variability. To probe into the optimal light environment of Limonium, and Gentiana by using main effect analysis and Response Surface Method (RSM).
The analysis of ex vitro quality of Limonium, there are two experiments (light quality, light intensity; light quality, light intensity, photoperiod). Among of them, the secondary experiment can do analysis of light quality and light integral. The leaf morphological parameters, leaf chlorophyll fluorescence and plant morphological parmeters of the Limonium were effected significantly after different light environment of culture. The optimal light environment condition of comprehensive ex vitro index (plant height is high, chlorophyll contents (SPAD-502 reading, CMR) is high, leaf area is big, dry weight is heavy), light quality: 80 % red +20 % blue ~ 70 % red +30 % blue (R/B ratio = 4~R/B ratio = 7/3), light intensity:120 μmol m-2 s-1, photoperiod:16 hr/day and light integral:6.62 mol m-2.
The analysis of ex vitro quality of Gentiana and the analysis of ex vitro quality of Limonium are the same, and it also did specific light quality experiment and supplemental experiment (light quality, light intensity, photoperiod). The leaf morphological parameters, leaf chlorophyll fluorescence, and plant morphological parmeters of the Gentiana were effected significantly after different light environment of culture. The optimal light environment condition of comprehensive ex vitro index one (chlorophyll contents (SPAD-502 reading, CMR) is high, height of internode is short, leaf area is big, dry weight is heavy), light quality: 30 % red +70 % blue ~ 80 % red +20 % blue (R/B ratio = 3/7 ~ R/B ratio = 1/4), light intensity: 120 μmol m-2 s-1, photoperiod: 16 hr/day and light integral: 6.69 mol m-2. In supplementa1 experiment, the optimal light environment condition of comprehensive ex vitro index two (chlorophyll contents (SPAD-502 reading, CMR) is high, sturdiness quotient is small, leaf area is big, dry weight is heavy), light quality: 35 % red +65 % blue (R/B ratio = 0.55), light intensity: 122.5 μmol m-2 s-1, photoperiod: 16 hr/day.The optimal light environment condition of comprehensive ex vitro index two is close to comprehensive ex vitro index one. The result show that: height of internode or sturdiness quotient is appropriate to analysis of the optimal light environment condition of comprehensive ex vitro index of Gentiana.
The analysis of medicinal properties of Gentiana and the analysis of ex vitro quality of Gentiana have the same experimental design. The overall medicinal contents (mg/plant) of Gentiopicroside and Swertiamarin were effected significantly after different light environment of culture. The optimal light environment condition of comprehensive medicinal index one (overall medicinal contents (mg/plant) of Gentiopicroside and Swertiamarin are high), light quality: 50 % red + 50 % blue ~ 80 % red + 20 % blue (R/B ratio = 1 ~ R/B ratio = 1/4), light intensity: 120 μmol m-2 s-1, photoperiod: 20 hr/day and light integral: 8.64 mol m-2. The optimal light environment condition of comprehensive medicinal index two (the medicine contents (mg/mg) of Gentiopicroside and Swertiamarin are high), light quality: 20 % red + 80 % blue (R/B ratio = 4), light intensity: 120 μmol m-2 s-1, photoperiod: 20 hr/day and light integral: 8.64 mol m-2. The optimal light environment condition of overall medicinal contents (mg/plant) of Gentiopicroside, light quality: 50 % red + 50 % blue ~ 80 % red + 20 % blue (R/B ratio = 1 ~ R/B ratio = 1/4), light intensity: 120 μmol m-2 s-1, photoperiod: 20 hr/day and light integral: 8.64 mol m-2. The optimal light environment condition of overall medicinal contents (mg/plant) of Swertiamarin, light quality: 50 % red + 50 % blue (R/B ratio = 1), light intensity: 120 μmol m-2 s-1, photoperiod: 20 hr/day and light integral: 7.36 mol m-2.
As a conclusion, the study used Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs), and it has successfully analyzed the optimal light environment condition (light quality, light intensity, photoperiod, light integral) of ex vitro quality of Limonium and Gentiana and medicinal properties of Gentiana by using experimental design and optimal analysis. With these research results, LEDs and the optimal light environment condition could be used to the light environment of tissue culture in the future. It is useful for ex vitro quality of Limonium and Gentiana and medicinal properties of Gentiana.

並列關鍵字

Light-Emitting Diodes ； Tissue Culture ； Gentiana ； Limonium ； Taguchi Method ； Principal Component Analysis ； Response Surface Method

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