臺灣杉皮部與臺灣扁柏心材之成分研究

Studies on the Constituents of the Bark of Taiwania cryptomerioides and the Heartwood of Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana

簡世昌(Shih-Chang Chien)

指導教授 ： 郭悅雄

國立臺灣大學/理學院/化學研究所/博士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2004.00652

摘要

臺灣杉 (Taiwania cryptomerioides Hayata) 特產於臺灣中央山脈海拔1800~2600公尺之山區，材質堅硬適中，易於加工，可作建築材料及傢俱。
臺灣杉樹皮部分，以丙酮浸泡得到的萃取物之乙酸乙酯層，運用矽膠薄層分析、高效液相層析儀及再結晶等方法進行進一步的分離純化。單離以後的化合物，在測得紅外線光譜、氫核磁共振光譜、碳核磁共振光譜及質譜後，經推測為已知化合物者，則與文獻值比對確定其結構。若是新化合物，依需要進行二維核磁共振光譜實驗，配合化學反應等方法確定其結構。
本實驗鑑定得到57個化合物，分別為：
一、雙萜類 (Diterpenoids) 化合物39個
二、木酚素類 (Lignoids) 化合物10個
三、芳香族類 (Aromatics) 化合物6個
四、雙聚體類 (Dimers) 化合物2個
臺灣扁柏 (Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana)，別名黃檜、厚殼，為扁柏屬 (柏科) 植物，是臺灣的特產，和紅檜、鐵杉、肖楠、華山松等，合稱臺灣五木，為臺灣固有重要的針葉樹。
臺灣扁柏心材丙酮萃取物之乙酸乙酯層，運用矽膠薄層分析、高效液相層析儀及再結晶等方法進行進一步的分離純化。單離以後的化合物，在測得紅外線光譜、氫核磁共振光譜、碳核磁共振光譜及質譜後，經推測為已知化合物者，則與文獻值比對確定其結構。若是新化合物，依需要進行二維核磁共振光譜實驗，配合化學反應等方法確定其結構。
本實驗鑑定得到55個化合物，分別為：
一、單萜類 (Monoterpenoids) 化合物11個
二、倍半萜類 (Sesquiterpenoids) 化合物18個
三、雙萜類 (Diterpenoids) 化合物11個
四、木酚素類 (Lignoids) 化合物11個
五、芳香族類 (Aromatics) 化合物4個

關鍵字

天然物 ； 臺灣扁柏 ； 臺灣杉

並列摘要

Taiwania cryptomerioides Hayata is indigenous to the central part of Taiwan at altitudes of 1800~2600 meters. The wood of this tree is one of the best building materials in Taiwan.
The acetone extract from the bark of Taiwania cryptomerioides Hayata was concentrated to give a residue, which was partitioned by ethyl acetate and water. The ethyl acetate layer was separated by column chromatography on silica gel, preparative thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to give 57 compounds. From these, 42 components are novel or new. The total compounds included 39 diterpenoids, 10 lignoids, 6 aromatics and 2 dimers.
Only two endemic species, Chamaecyparis formosana and C. obtusa var. formosana, of genus Chamaecyparis are found in the central mountains of Taiwan. They are all huge trees and can live for over a thousand year.
The acetone extract from the heartwood of C. obtusa var. formosana was concentrated to give a residue, which was partitioned with ethyl acetate and water. The ethyl acetate layer was dried and then separated by column chromatography on silica gel, preparative thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to yield 55 compounds. From these, 22 components are novel or new. The total compounds included 11 monoterpenoids, 18 sesquiterpenoids, 11 diterpenoids, 11 lignoids and 4 aromatics.
The known compounds are identified by spectral analysis and compared with those reported in literatures or authentic samples. The structures of new compounds were elucidated by spectral evidence and chemical methods.

並列關鍵字

Taiwania cryptomerioides ； Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana ； natural products

參考文獻

1. Huang, T. C. "Flora of Taiwan," 2nd ed., Vol. I, Editorial Committee of the Flora of Taiwan, Taipei, 1994, pp. 584