電子企業敏捷供應鏈構建與最佳實踐

Electronics Enterprises Agile Supply Chain Building and Best Practice

劉相年(Xiang-Nian Liu)

指導教授 ： 郭瑞祥

國立臺灣大學/管理學院/臺大－復旦EMBA境外專班/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2015.10491

摘要

電子產業是中國當下的重要支柱產業之一，但是電子產業競爭激烈導致整個電子產業處在微利時代。尤其在中國，客戶要求更加挑剔，對價格更加敏感，交貨更加及時都給電子產業造成了很大的壓力。
隨著電腦與網路技術的日漸成熟，互聯網以及以互聯網為平臺的各種網上應用如火如荼，在給電子產業帶來無限商機的同時，也帶來更多的挑戰。網路時代電子產業面臨激烈競爭，市場需求複雜多變，產品更新換代速度也愈來愈快，企業有必要將敏捷化思想運用於供應鏈管理，以提高其對外部環境變化和用戶需求變化的快速回應能力。
本文深入分析了電子產業的特點，通過電子企業敏捷供應鏈的戰略匹配、敏捷供應鏈的特點，結合電子企業面臨高度的供應和需求不確定性，適宜採用敏捷供應鏈戰略。在此基礎上，本文詮釋了敏捷供應鏈的定義和特點，分析了電子企業敏捷供應鏈的構建基礎、電子企業敏捷供應鏈構建的原則和電子企業敏捷供應鏈構建的方法。並在此基礎上進一步分析了電子企業敏捷供應鏈的優化和風險管理。在本文的最後，以飛利浦照明為例分析了企業敏捷供應鏈的構建、優化和風險管理。主要包括以下內容：
1、詳細介紹了敏捷供應鏈的基本原理，並對供應鏈管理的研究現狀和發展趨勢進行了綜述。
2、本文分析了電子企業的特點，結合電子企業供應鏈戰略匹配和敏捷供應鏈的特點得出電子企業適宜採取敏捷供應鏈。
3、本文分析了電子企業敏捷供應鏈構建過程中的構建基礎、構建原則和構建方法。並在此基礎上提出了電子企業敏捷供應鏈的執行優化，討論了敏捷供應鏈的重組優化、合作夥伴的優化、產品和設計優化以及供應鏈運營指標優化。本文還提出了在資訊時代下，大規模定制、延遲策略和知識管理是實現供應鏈敏捷性的重要方法。
4、本文重點分析了敏捷供應鏈的風險管理。解釋了敏捷供應鏈中的風險定義、如何識別風險、如何測量風險。使用了供應鏈運作參考模型（SCOR模型），基於策劃、採購、生產、配送和退貨這五大流程進行風險識別，最後確定了企業衡量敏捷供應鏈的指標，建立了風險管理模型，並為風險管理提供決策依據、風險控制和應對。
5、最後論文以飛利浦照明敏捷供應鏈的構建為案例，進行案例分析。通過飛利浦照明的案例來分析敏捷供應鏈的構建、最佳實踐和風險管理。
“互聯網+”時代的敏捷供應鏈管理是一種新的價值鏈管理，其為企業適應快速的市場變化提供了強有力的理論和方法指導。本文基於敏捷供應鏈及其風險管理的研究對當今企業增強自身競爭力，在市場中獲取戰略優勢有著良好的實際意義。

關鍵字

敏捷供應鏈 ； 牛鞭效應 ； 大規模定制 ； 延遲策略 ； 知識管理

並列摘要

The electronic industry is one of the important pillar industries of China now. However electronic industry fierce competition led the whole electronic industry to stay in the era of meager profit. Especially in the China, customer requirements are more critical, more sensitive to the price, and more timely for delivery. All the requirements caused electronic industry to face great pressure.
With the development of computer and network technology, the Internet is like a raging fire in various Internet application platform, in the electronic industry to bring unlimited business opportunities at the same time, it also brings more challenges. The electronic enterprises in the era of networks are facing intense competition, the market demand is complicated and changeable, the product renewal is getting faster, the enterprise is necessary to agile thinking applied to supply chain management, in order to improve the rapid response capability of the changes of external environment and user needs change.
This paper in-depth analysis of the characteristics of the electronics enterprises combining with the electronics industry .Through the supply chain strategy matching , combining with the characteristics of agile supply chain and facing a high supply and demand uncertainty in electronic industry, we got that electronic enterprises is suitable for the agile supply chain strategy. On this basis, this paper explained the definition and characteristics of agile supply chain, analyzed the basis of construction of electronic enterprises, the principle of constructing agile supply chain and the method of constructing agile supply chain for electronic enterprises. Furthermore the paper further analysis the optimization of agile supply chain operation for electronic enterprises and risk management .At the end, this paper re-explained the enterprise agile supply chain construction, optimization and risk management taking Philips lighting as an example.
This paper is divided into seven chapters. The first chapter is the Abstract. Starting from the current status of China electronic industry, imports of electronic data, the first chapter elaborates that.
In the second chapter, the paper gives a detailed analysis of the characteristics for the electronics industry. Combining with the electronic enterprises supply chain strategy matching and characteristics of agile supply chain, the paper reach the conclusion that electronic industry should adopt agile supply chain. On this basis, this thesis gives the definition and characteristics of agile supply chain.
The third chapter in-depth analyzes the foundation of constructing agile supply chain for electronic enterprises, the principle and method of constructing agile supply chain for electronic enterprises .In the fourth chapter, on the basis of the third chapter the paper explains the execution and optimization of agile supply chain for electronic enterprises. Partner selection optimization, product module design and products optimization and the supply chain operation index optimization are the main methods to improve the operation of agile supply chain for electronic industry. In this chapter the paper also mentioned the mass customization, the delay strategy and knowledge management are main methods also to improve the agile supply chain.
The fifth chapter analyzes the risk management of agile supply chain. This chapter explains the definition, identification, measurement , control and management of risk for agile supply chain.
In the sixth chapter, the paper analysis agile supply chain construction, best practices and risk management through the Philips lighting case.

並列關鍵字

Agile Supply Chain ； The bullwhip effect ； Mass customization delay policy ； knowledge management

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