恐懼評價與自我呈現動機對社交焦慮者線上去抑制行為之影響

前言：過去有研究發現社交焦慮者於線上較不受症狀影響，而能有更不受拘束之表現，因此網路提供社交焦慮者與他人社交的契機。然而，過去對於社交焦慮者之線上去抑制行為的研究結果並不一致，且在良性之線上去抑制行為方面少有研究。目的：本研究旨在檢驗高社交焦慮組與一般組在自我呈現動機、網路特性感受、線上去抑制行為及其他相關因素之差異，並藉由檢驗恐懼負面與正面評價、自我呈現動機及網路特性感受組成之不同模型，探尋社交焦慮對線上去抑制行為之影響途徑。方法：本研究採500名成人為樣本，以線上自陳量表之方式測量其社交焦慮、恐懼評價，以及Instagram上的自我呈現動機、網路特性感受及線上去抑制行為之型態。首先，將樣本分為高社交焦慮組與一般組，檢驗兩組於各變項上之差異。其次，藉由中介分析與路徑分析，探討不同模型對於社交焦慮影響線上去抑制行為之適配性。結果：(1) 相較於一般組，高社交焦慮組之恐懼評價、保護性自我呈現動機顯著較高，網路特性感受顯著較低。(2) 高社交焦慮組之線上去抑制行為未顯著高於一般組。(3) 網路特性感受中介社交焦慮與自我呈現之關係。(4) 在探究恐懼負面評價的模型中，社交焦慮不直接預測線上去抑制行為，社交焦慮可藉恐懼負面評價影響網路特性感受，再影響線上去抑制行為；在恐懼正面評價模型中，社交焦慮則可直接預測線上去抑制行為，同時藉恐懼正面評價影響自我呈現動機，再影響線上去抑制行為。討論：網路特性感受與自我呈現動機，可能是影響線上去抑制行為之近端因子，而社交焦慮程度與恐懼評價則為遠端因子。高社交焦慮者在網路特性感受上不再高於一般人，可能與社交社群平台日漸強調圖像、影像的呈現有關。

關鍵字

社交焦慮；恐懼負面評價；恐懼正面評價；自我呈現動機；網路特性感受；線上去抑制行為

並列摘要

Introduction: Previous study found that, while online, socially anxious people were less influenced by their disorder so thus to have more unrestricted performance, and as a result, Internet provides them more opportunities for social interaction. However, there are inconsistent findings about online disinhibited behaviors in socially anxious people. In addition, few studies have investigated on benign effects of online disinhibited behaviors. Purpose: The current study aimed first to examine the differences of self-presentational motivation, perception of Computer-Mediated-Communication (CMC) features, online disinhibited behaviors, and related factors between socially anxiety group and healthy group; and second, to explore potential models that account for online disinhibited behaviors in individuals with social anxiety, with paths composed of fear of negative and positive evaluation, self-presentational motivation and perception of CMC features. Methods: This study recruited 500 adults and utilized online questionnaire to measure social anxiety, fear of evaluations, self-presentational motivation, perception of CMC features, and online disinhibited behaviors on Instagram. First, participants were divided as high socially anxious group and healthy group in order to examine their differences on targeted variables. Next, through mediation analysis and path analysis, the study explored fitness of different models for the associations from social anxiety to online disinhibited behaviors. Results: (1) Compared to healthy group, the socially anxious group displayed significantly higher in fear of evaluation and protective self-presentational motivation, and lower in perception of CMC features. (2) No significant difference was found for online disinhibited behaviors. (3) Perception of CMC features mediated the relation of social anxiety and self-presentational motivation. (4) In examining the model with fear of negative evaluation, social anxiety did not directly predict online disinhibited behaviors, whereas social anxiety influenced online disinhibited behaviors through fear of negative evaluation and then perception of CMC features; for the model with fear of positive evaluation, social anxiety directly predict online disinhibited behaviors, and social anxiety also influenced online disinhibited behaviors through fear of positive evaluation and then self-presentational motivation. Discussions: To predict online disinhibited behaviors, perception of CMC features and self-presentational motivation may be the proximal factors, while social anxiety and fear of evaluation play as the distal factors. The degree of perception of CMC features in socially anxious group is no higher than in healthy group. This may relate to the strengths of social network sites nowadays in which presentation of photos and videos plays as the main vehicle.

並列關鍵字

social anxiety ； fear of negative evaluation ； fear of positive evaluation ； self-presentational motivation ； perception of CMC features ； online disinhibited behaviors