大型風機在台灣風場下之安全性研究

Research for Safety of Large-Scale Wind Turbine of Wind Field in Taiwan

沈丞佑(Chen-Yo Shen)

指導教授 ： 鄭榮和

國立臺灣大學/工學院/機械工程學研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2012.01318

摘要

風力發電為近年興起的再生能源產業中的主力產業之一，台灣同樣也積極投入這塊新興產業之中。但因目前遵循的國際規範(IEC-61400)其訂定的標準主要根據歐洲的氣候條件，而台灣地處亞熱帶且每年均會受到颱風侵襲，颱風所帶來的風向變化、強大風速、高紊流強度的風場對風機造成非常大的衝擊。如2008年薔蜜颱風對台中港區風場造成1座風力機組塔柱倒塌；也對彰濱工業區風場造成5座風力機組共7支葉片破損。
臺灣大學機械系受台電委託進行風機的安全評估分析計畫，將以有限元素法進行台中港區與彰濱工業區兩種風力發電機的結構分析。將台電其他計畫提供的風機計算流體力學(CFD)結果，以此為負載進行分析風機的塔柱、螺栓、葉片等三個部件，並以降伏強度、蔡吳法則建立評估指標，作為安全判斷的依據。本研究考慮的負載情況為現行之風機國際規範的部分條件，與臺灣颱風下風速條件，以此瞭解風機各部件原始設計的安全性，以及是否適用於臺灣氣候。並針對薔蜜颱風所造成的風機安全事故進行肇因分析，釐清事故原因，最後提出改善建議，以避免事故重複發生。

關鍵字

風力發電機 ； 安全評估 ； 結構分析 ； 臺灣風場條件 ； 葉片 ； 螺栓

並列摘要

In recent years, Wind Power is one of the important renewable energy industries. In Taiwan, we’re also dedicated to this emerging industry. However, according to international standard (IEC-61400), which standards were mainly based on the climatic conditions in Europe. While Taiwan located within the subtropical area, which would be hit by typhoons each year. Typhoon could result in a wind direction change, a high wind speed, and a high turbulence intensity of the wind field, which all cause tremendous impact on the wind turbine. For instance, in 2008, Typhoon Jangmi lashed a wind turbine tower which collapsed in the wind farm in Taichung Harbor. Meanwhile, in Changhua Coastal Industrial Park, seven blades were damaged of which five wind turbines in the wind farm.
　　Department of mechanical engineering of National Taiwan University was commissioned by Taipower, received the wind turbine safety assessment project, using the finite element method for structural analysis to both wind turbines in Taichung Harbor and Changhua Coastal Industrial Park. In addition, referred other project results provided by Taipower, used the wind turbine computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results as the load for the analysis to the tower, analyzing bolts and blades of the wind turbines. Furthermore, establish evaluation indicators by using yield strength and Tsai-Wu rule as a safety judgment foundation. The load considered in this study as part of the conditions of international standard of the existing wind turbines, and Taiwan’s typhoon wind field conditions. For understand the safety from the various components in the original design of the wind turbine, and whether it can apply or not to Taiwan's climate. In order to analysis the cardinal reason of wind turbine safety accidents caused by Typhoon Jangmi, aiming to clarify the primary reason of accidents. In conclusion, make recommendations for improvement for avoiding the recurrence of accidents in the future.

並列關鍵字

Wind turbine ； Safety assessment ； Structural analysis ； Taiwan’s wind field ； Blade ； Bolt

參考文獻

[27] 彭聖倫，”FRP風機葉片構件接合強度之探討”，碩士論文，工程科學及海洋工程學研究所，國立臺灣大學，2008.

[30] 賴偉銘，”風力發電機葉片負載計算及彈性耦合葉片之研究”，博士論文，工程科學及海洋工程學系，國立臺灣大學，2010.

[31] 羅牧謙，”風力發電機葉片之應力分析”，碩士論文，工程科學及海洋工程學系，國立臺灣大學，2008.

[3] J. Ribrant and L. M. Bertling, "Survey of Failures in Wind Power Systems With Focus on Swedish Wind Power Plants During 1997-2004," IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENERGY CONVERSION, vol. 22, pp. 167-173, 2007.

[9] J.-S. Chou and W.-T. Tu, "Failure analysis and risk management of a collapsed large wind turbine tower," Engineering Failure Analysis, vol. 18, pp. 295-313, 2011.