- 學位論文
以分子標幟輔助選育具雜交不親合基因之高直鏈澱粉玉米
Development of High Amylose Maize with a Cross Incompatibility Gene by Marker-Assisted Selection
摘要
玉米 (Zea mays L.) 是全世界重要的糧食作物之一，且為生產澱粉的重要來源。玉米澱粉在日常生活中的應用十分廣泛，而其中所含的直鏈澱粉經濟價值高，不僅於食用時對人體有所助益，也能應用於工業生產中。然而，於普通玉米澱粉中，直鏈澱粉含量僅占其20-30%，而由隱性ae基因所控制之高直鏈澱粉玉米的直鏈澱粉含量可達50%以上。如推廣高直鏈澱粉玉米於臺灣栽種時，在沒有妥當的田區隔離的栽培下，其籽粒收穫品質將會因花粉直感的影響而下降。為增進高直鏈澱粉玉米的生產品質，本研究導入控制雜交不親合性的基因，Ga1-S，在此基因的控制下，僅有花粉與柱頭具相同基因型時才能成功授粉。因此，本研究利用分子標幟輔助育種的技術，將爆裂種玉米HP301與HP68-07所具有的Ga1-S基因回交導入直鏈澱粉含量達70%以上的GEMS-0067自交系中，經由兩年四個期作的回交工作，已將回交世代推進至BC3F1。另外也將控制高直鏈澱粉的ae主效基因與SbeI修飾基因，以及雜交不親合Ga1-S基因雜交導入172個引進自美國農部的玉米自交系中，建立可避免被花粉汙染的高直鏈澱粉玉米基礎育種材料，以選育高直鏈澱粉玉米雜交一代品種。
並列摘要
Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important cereals in the world and is beingconsidered as a prominent source for starch. Its starch plays a significant role in our daily life. Especially, its amylose content is not only advantageous to human as a food but also can be applied in industry. In maize, only 20-30% of starch is amylose; however, the amylose content can be reached to 50% resultedby anae recessive gene, which is called high amylose maize.. If planted high amylose maize in fields without proper isolation, the quality of seeds might be affected by xenia through pollen pollutants. This study is aimed to introduce Ga1-S conferring cross-incompatibility into high amylose maize to insure its quality. Plants with Ga1-Scan greatly reduce the probability of cross-pollination; nevertheless, the pollination successeswhile pollens and pistils have the same genotype. Two backcross populations were developed herein thatby popcorn HP301 and HP68-07 with Ga1-S, as the donor parents, crossed with GEMS-0067,with high amylose content, as the recurrent parent. The two indel markers flanking Ga1-s were applied to marker-assisted selection in the two backcross populations. Throughfour seasons of backcrossing, the two populations are now reached to BC3F1 generation. In addition, Ga1-S and genes corresponding to amylose content, including major gene ae and minor gene SbeI, were introduced into 172 maize inbreds to developthe germplasm for selecting and breeding hybrids of high amylose maize.