對事件驅動能量收集之機器對機器通訊設計與分析

近年來，機器對機器應用程式的蓬勃發展，已成為我們所關注的重要領域之一，其不同於以往人們所使用的網際網路在於，所有在此應用程式內的裝置或是機器都必須要有能力連結上網路來做與外界的通訊，也因此在網路資源的需求上，會比以往的情況更多。而在此同時，減少二氧化碳排放量和節約能源等等的環保議題也變得益發重要，而目前眾所公認為最好的解決辦法則是使用綠色再生能源作為能量來源。結合以上兩種特性，我們所面臨的問題就變成了如何在有限的再生能源以及網路資源供給下，達成機器對機器應用程式還能夠維持在正常的運作之下。在本碩士論文中，我們首先介紹要針對的具體應用程式，接下來，介紹一些關於能量收集網路的媒體存取控制協定設計以及機器對機器通訊的一些特點。為了更進一步瞭解綠色再生能源的特性，我們做了一些量測以及分析，再根據這些分析的結果以及先前所提到的特點來做媒體存取控制協定設計。我們修改了原本是設計給低功耗無線網絡的IEEE 802.15.4協議，為了分析及驗證我們所修改的部分是否正確，我們做了一些假設來發展我們的系統模型，並使用我們實際量測到的數據當作模擬參數來驗證我們的模型。我們也對原本的IEEE 802.15.4協議以及我們修改過後的協議做效能分析。最後，我們總結了一些發現與結論於此碩士論文中，並進一步提供了一些解決此問題的可行方式。

關鍵字

事件驅動能量收集；機器對機器通訊；結構安全監控；媒體存取控制協定設計； IEEE 802.15.4

並列摘要

Explosive developing of machine-to-machine (M2M) applications has become an important area we focus on. Different from tradition Internet technology which was used only by human beings, the next generation network technology should accommodate several orders of magnitude larger than that of the current Internet. At the same time, the growing environmental concerns of cutting carbon emissions and energy conservation have become another issue we need to put extra effort in. However, the restriction of using green renewable energy from environment and massive access in M2M applications pose great challenges on media access control (MAC) protocol design with its limited energy resource and severe contending problem for scarce network resource. In this master thesis, we first explain the specific application we deal with. Second, we introduce features of energy harvesting (EH) technologies and machine-to-machine (M2M) communications, then address the problems in such conditions. Based on these characteristics and measurement results, we modify the IEEE 802.15.4 protocol which is original designed for low-power wireless networks to solve the challenges. In order to analyse these problems. We make some assumptions to develop our system model and use real measured data as our input simulation parameters to validate our model. In the meanwhile, we also compare the performance of original IEEE 802.15.4 protocol and the protocol we have modified. Finally, we conclude this master thesis with some observations and provide some possible ways for further solution design.

並列關鍵字

Event-Driven Energy Harvesting ； Machine-to-Machine Communications ； Structural Health Monitoring ； MAC Protocol Design ； IEEE 802.15.4

參考文獻

[1] T. Taleb and A. Kunz, “Machine type communications in 3gpp networks: potential, challenges, and solutions,” IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 178–184, 2012.

[3] M. Cheng, G. Lin, H. Wei, and A. Hsu, “Overload control for machine-type-communications in lte-advanced system,” IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 50, no. 6, pp. 38–45, 2012.

[4] M. Cheng, G. Lin, H. Wei, and C. Hsu, “Performance evaluation of radio access network overloading from machine type communications in lte-a networks,” in IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshops (WCNCW). IEEE, 2012, pp. 248–252.

[5] Z. Fadlullah, M. Fouda, N. Kato, A. Takeuchi, N. Iwasaki, and Y. Nozaki, “Toward intelligent machine-to-machine communications in smart grid,” IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 60–65, 2011.

[9] Z. Eu, H. Tan, and W. Seah, “Design and performance analysis of mac schemes for wireless sensor networks powered by ambient energy harvesting,” Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 300–323, 2011.

國際替代計量

對事件驅動能量收集之機器對機器通訊設計與分析

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