高耐熱性聚醯亞胺共聚物及有機無機混成透明膜材之合成與性質鑑定

聚醯亞胺為傳統高性能高分子，已經被廣泛運用在各個產業之中。然而開發具有高透明性和優良熱機械性質之高分子基材仍具挑戰性。本論文藉由分子設計以及有機無機混摻進而合成出兼具良好穿透度及熱性質的光學膜，茲敘述如下：本研究透過含芴官能基的雙胺以及含六氟異丙烯基雙酸酐合成一系列聚醯亞胺 (F-OH6FPI)；導入這類官能基，可增加聚醯亞胺自由體積，以提高光穿透度、溶解度和膜的可彎曲性。同時聚醯亞胺內的羥基和矽酸四甲基酯型成共價鍵，使二氧化矽顆粒可均勻分散在聚醯亞胺內，混摻二氧化矽的比例為10~40 wt%。由於奈米等級分散的二氧化矽顆粒與聚醯亞胺分子內耦合形成類似交聯結構，可進一步提升聚醯亞胺的熱性質與機械性質。　　其次，藉由分子設計的概念導入含有脂環族單體雙胺或雙酸酐和含六氟芳香族單體合成聚醯亞胺，可利用脂環族降低電子轉移能力來增加膜的透明性，再藉由含六氟之芳香族單體維持其耐熱性，而脂環族單體之剛硬結構，期待能夠進一步提升熱性質與機械性質。　　由上述研究顯示藉由奈米無機顆粒及脂環族單體組成導入，可提升聚醯亞胺之耐熱性並維持其透明性。

關鍵字

聚醯亞胺；有機無機混成

並列摘要

Polyimides are high performance and functional polymers used in different fields. However, the development of polyimides with high optical transmittance, and superior thermal-mechanical properties remain challenges. In this thesis, high optical transparency, good thermal stable polyimides and their optical films were synthesized by molecular design and hybrid technology as following: Hexafluoroisopropylidene and fluorene groups are used to increase the free volume of the polyimides, thereby improving the optical transparency, solubility and flexibility. Tetramethyl orthosilicate was used to form a covalent bond between silica and the hydroxyl group of the polyimides. By this method, it was found that the silica of 10-40 wt% were well-dispersed in the polyimide matrix. By forming the intramolecular coupling crosslink bond between the silica and polyimides, these hybrid films have better thermal and mechanical properties. In the second part, by introducing alicyclic diamine or dianhydride with hexafluorine-contained monomers to synthesize polyimides, the charge transfer can be reduced to avoid polyimide films becoming yellow and making high transparent films by alicyclic monomers and high heat-resistant by hexafluorine-contained monomers. And by the linear/stiff alicyclic monomers, there are more stiff in the main chain so that the we can further improve the mechanical properties. The above research suggests that introducing nano-inorganic domain or alicyclic moiety can improve the heat-resistant and transparency of polyimides.