勞動基金運用局行政法人化之研究

社會大眾面對退休危機與老年貧窮的威脅，對於基金操作績效表現的要求也不斷提高，因此，國家年金改革委員會於2017年提出退休基金管理組織轉型規劃，期望引進專業人員，提升人員待遇，並朝向行政法人化辦理，藉以提高基金運作效能。本研究旨在探討勞動基金運用局現行組織運作所面臨之困境，透過文獻資料及深度訪談等研究方法，從業務存續必要性、公權力程度、運作彈性需要及市場性等面向探討改制為行政法人之必要性，並分析其政治可行性。本研究發現，勞動基金運用局主要任務在於提升基金績效，然而受限於行政機關之組織型態，人力無法因應基金成長幅度相對增加，而待遇亦與業界存有頗大差距。加之必需因應法制程序及行政流程，層層節制，組織運作效能有待提升。目前多重監督之情形係因各界不信任及防弊之態度，使得民眾對於基金操作並無信任基礎。行政及立法機關的支持則為法人化之關鍵因素，然而目前並非改制之適當時機，維持現狀為最保險之選擇。最後，結論部分，包括前述研究發現，基於短期內尚無法改制為行政法人，提出政策建議如下：（一）運用資訊工具提高組織運作效能；（二）營造專業性及獨立性之形象，提升國人信任；（三）彈性放寬人事法規限制，激勵優秀人才。

關鍵字

勞動基金；勞工退休基金；基金運作；組織轉型；行政法人

並列摘要

The public is facing the threat of retirement crisis and elder poverty, and requires higher and higher pension fund performance. Therefore, the National Pension Reform Committee proposed the transformation plan of the pension fund management organization in 2017, expecting to introduce professionals, improve the remuneration structure of personnel, and execute administrative corporatization project, in order to improve the efficiency of the fund operation. The purpose of this study is to explore the dilemma faced by the Bureau of Labor Funds under the current organization structure and operation. Through research methods such as referential literature and in-depth interviews, this study seeks the necessity and analyzes political feasibility to reform the Bureau of Labor Funds into an administrative corporation from the perspectives of business continuity, public power, operational flexibility and marketability. This study finds that the main task of the Bureau of Labor Funds is to improve fund performance. However, due to the limitation of administrative organization structure, the manpower cannot correspond with the relative increase of the fund's growth rate, and the remuneration structure also has a considerable gap comparing to the industry. In addition, the legal and administrative procedures also curb the effectiveness of organizational operations. At present, the situation of multiple supervision is due to the distrust and anti-fraud attitudes among the public, which makes the people have no basis for trust in fund operations. The support from the executive and legislature organizations is a key factor in corporatization. However, it is not the right timing to restructure and this research indicates that the safest measure is to maintain the status quo. The conclusions, including the previous findings, based on the failure to execute an administrative corporatization project and submit policy recommendations as follows: (1) using information tools to improve the operational efficiency of the organization; (2) creating an image of professionalism and independence, and enhancing the trust of the people. (3) flexibly easing restrictions on personnel regulations and encouraging outstanding talents.